大学英语综合三

Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information—based society。 However, they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is （26)different from that of an industrial society. As informatization progress in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society（27）the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information。 But such a view as a （28）analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media. A different （29)is possible when the actual amount of

information （30）by the user is taken into account. In fact, the more information （31）throughout the entire society， the wider the gap becomes between \"information haves\" and ”information have-nots,” leading to digital divide. According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major （32)： class， sex, and generation. In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class。 With(33)to sex, digital divide exists between men and women. The greatest gap, however， is between the Net—generation, (34）with personal computers and the Internet, and the older generation，（35)to an industrial society.

A。accustomed E.champions I。flows M。regard

B。acquired F.elements J.fundamentally N。respectively

C。assembly G。expands K。interpretation O。superficial

D。attribute H。familiar L。passive

答案：JGOKB IFMHA

For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December（26） early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country， part of a year when， for the first time in two（27）， record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record—warm ones. But the U.S。 was the exception; November was the warmest ever （28)， and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record。Enjoy the snow now, because （29）are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niuo year.

EI niuo， Spanish for “the child”，(30） when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific， covering 30％ of the planet's surface， that the（31 ）energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are (32）with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa（33） dry weather. Marine life may be affected too； EI Ninos can （34 ） the rising of the cold， nutrient-rich（营养丰富的）water that supports large fish （35），and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral（珊瑚）.

A)additional E）communicated I）logically M）reduce

B）associated F）decades J)occurs N）saw

C）bore G）experiences K）populations O)specific

D)chances H）globally L)realize

答案NFHDJ ABGMK

The reason why the value of the assets we possess depreciates quickly is that we already have the ownership and we may lose interest in them。 Under this circumstance, these items.Under this circumstance， these items can be used for (1） consumption。 The success of Netflix, Zipcar and CouchSurfing shows us that (2) has already transformed into rental businesses, which will thrive in the

following (3）。 To some extent, this is a good way to share possessions with other people。 In some countries， rental business is still a new trend which needs to be further developed。 Considering the growth of population, collaborative consumption (4） to the trend that swapping， bartering and other similar businesses will explode one day. Netjets and Freecycle are both designed to reduce the （5） things. A good example of collaborative consumption is to （6) out the empty villas in some hot tourist attractions to the visitors. Collaborative consumption is also a (n) (7) way for women who buy luxury goods and seldom make use of them to put them into value。

The problem may be how to （8) the arrangement of the assets for

collaborative consumption because people may need or want the same item at the

same time.

Time has （9) the ups and downs of rental businesses。 In this on—going world， the （10） needs of all the substances leave us no choice but to collaborate with people around us。

A.idle E.effective I。sharing M.streamline

B。efficient F.lease J。conforms N。excess

C。collaborative G。spent K。decade O.useless

D。access H。witnessed L.meets

答案：CIKJA FEMHN

My mother was a senior over 80 and she had to have the M。R。I. test now and then. As her daughter, I was her regular （1）. It came as a （2）to me that each and every M.R。I. was a huge （3)for her。 I was determined to go through this tough situation with my mother。 Due to her arthritis, she had to get up early in the morning for the joints to (4)。 Not until then could she get dressed. I would go and pick her up to the hospital。 My mother could not (5) to my pace, which meant I had to slow down。 What’s important was that no （6) should be (7） on my face， for that would make my mother feel （8). In the M。R.I. suite, it’s not unusual for us to wait for a long time。 I would be on the (9) whenever my mother

had to go to the bathroom。 The waiting was a torture but we had no choice。 My mother sometimes would (10)。 I felt bad when I saw her struggling with all her efforts to cope with the therapy. Eventually, the test was over and I drove her back home. I always felt lucky that my boss is understanding.

A. loosen E。noticed I。alert M.lose

B. follow F.impatience J。adapt N。grumble

C. rhyme G。embarrassed K。trial O.reflected

D. revelation H.escort L.irritating

答案：HDKAJ FOGIN

People donate money to charities for a number of reasons。 Sometimes，they’re (1） by a desire to have tax breaks at the end of the year。 In other cases, they might be moved to donate money because they know someone (2） with a Particular organization。 A new academic study claims that another important reason people give to charity is “image motivation” — they want to be seen by others as （3) people. The scholars behind the study were able to prove， through a （4） of tests, that image motivation matters a lot, at least in the experiment .Gifts given anonymously (5) to be smaller, while gifts that were (6) were larger. More

interestingly, however， the study also showed that (7) people for their generosity might actually be counterproductive。 （8) incentives had next to no effect when the contribution was public， but did increase the donation when it was private。 Non—profits and other charities can benefit from knowing what really motivates consumers and thus change the way they operate to maximize the potential （9） hey receive。 For many, it’s about advertising their values to the world， and projecting a positive image, without seeming to profit from their charitable giving。 This leaves but one (10) question： Is there any such thing as true altruism？ When we donate money， are we only investing in a better public image for ourselves rather than giving for the sake of doing something worthwhile？

A. rewarding E。publicized I.motivated M.series

B. monetary F。volunteer J。advertised N。charitable

C. charity G.tended K.donations O。donors

D. involved H.philosophical L.seek

答案：IDNMG FABKH

In America， it has been widely believed that an excellent businessman has both force and (1） vision to run the government. But it is not true. Management is quite different from leadership. A manager may be of insufficient ability to （2) the nation while a leader must be able to （3） a direction of history。 The manager

thinks of today while the leader thinks of future。 The manager can do nothing without power while the leader can always command his followers。 People have complex feelings about a great leader; they are hardly （4） toward him。 They know that the leader brings something new as well as something dangerous。 Although there are no fixed principles by which historians judge a leader, most of them prefer winners to losers .A successful leader must have different qualities（5)in different situations. For a political leader， being willing to take adventure （6） but with calculated risk should be a （7) in seeking the victory in campaigns。 He must be decisive rather than overbold. In addition， a reluctant candidate is （8)to be a loser for his unwillingness to accept the （9）， including the invasion of privacy， the (10) of unfair and vicious criticism， and so on。 Above all， a great leader learns lessons from the predecessors and never repeats their mistakes.

A. sacrifices E. extraordinary I. boldly M. required

B. represent F. inspire J. precondition N. grip

C。 clash G。 condemn K。 prevail O。 incapable

D. destined H. sting L。 indifferent

答案:EFBLM IJDAH

中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务.他们对孩子的唯一要求就是努力学习，考得好,能上名牌大学.他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样竞争激烈

的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明。中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上取得大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬。因此,他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子创造更好的条件.

Chinese parents have overly tended to pay too much attention to their children’s study， so that children don’t help them do the housework。 Their only requirement for their children is to study hard, perform well in the exams, and go to a famous university. They believe it is good for their children， because in such a highly competitive society, only good results could ensure a promising future。 Chinese parents also believe that parents will be honored if their children can achieve great success in society。 Therefore, they are willing to sacrifice their own time， hobbies and interests, to create much better conditions for children.

云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。那里的生活节奏比大多数中国的城市都要缓慢.丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样,丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。历史上,丽江还以“爱之城\"而闻名。当地人中流传着许多关于人生，为爱而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂。（paradise）

Lijiang, an ancient town of Yunnan Province， is one of the most famous tourist destinations. Its pace of life is slower than that of most cities of China。 There are many natural beauties everywhere in Lijiang and many ethnical minorities provide tourists with a great variety of cultural experience. Lijiang is also well-known as the “city of love” in history. Many stories about life and dying for love have widely among the locals. Nowadays, for tourists home and abroad， the ancient town is regarded as a paradise of love and romance.

中国人的消费态度发生了巨大转变。随着旅游增多，中国人不但开阔了视野，接触到的奢侈品范围也更加宽广。一旦出国，他们最热衷的活动就是购物。许多奢侈品公司视中国消费者为一个潜在的庞大消费群体：重视地位，日益富裕，渴望名牌,狂热消费。据估计，现在约有1000到1300万人消费奢侈品，主要是企业家和在公司工作的年轻专业人士.

In China, attitudes to consumption having a dramatic change with more and more Chinese people traveling outside, they not only expanded their minds but also the rang of luxury goods they come into became wider. Once abroad， their favourite activity of them is shopping。 Chinese shoppers seem as a potentially huge group by many luxury firms, because of the increasing with wealthy people hungry for brands and fanatical about shopping. According to estimation， now there are about 10m to 13m mainland customers for luxury goods mainly from entrepreneurs and young professionals firms.

重阳节（Double Ninth Festival)是一个中国的传统节日， 每年农历的9月初9，人们都会登高,赏菊(chrysanthemum），敬老。根据《易经》 （The Book of Changes）的阴阳学说，9是代表阳的，这就是为什么那天被称为“重阳”。1988年,中国把那天定为“老人节\"。在节日的当天,晚辈们要向长辈们表示尊敬和爱戴，祝他们健康，长寿。在中国的某些地方,那天还是纪念祖先的日子.

The Double Ninth Festival is a traditional Chinese festival celebrated on the 9th of the ninth lunar month when people go out to climb high mountains， enjoy the chrysanthemum and show their respect to the seniors。 In the light of The Book of Changes， based on the theory of Yin and Yang,9 stands for “Yang”.

That’s why it has the name “Chong Yang Festival\"。 In 1998， Chinese government set that day as “Seniors’ Day”. On that day, the juniors show their respect and love to their seniors， wish them to have a healthy and long life。 In some places in China， it is also a day for people to remember their ancestors。

在过去的十年中，慈善组织在中国快速发展。中国官方慈善机构红十字会已成为该行业的主要力量，而私人慈善机构也蓬勃发展.壹基金（One Foundation）便是其中之一。 2007年，李连杰先生创立启动了壹基金。深圳壹基金公益基金会2010年12月3日在深圳注册成立，是中国一家公募基金会。壹基金战略模式为“一个平台+三个领域\即专注于灾害救助、儿童关怀、公益人才培养三大公益领域.

In the last decade， charity organizations have rapid development of China. An official charity organization, the Red Cross Society of China， has become a major force in the sector while private charities have blossomed。 It is an independent public fundraising foundation in China, which was started by Mr. Jet Li in 2007. Shenzhen One Foundation Charity Foundation registered in Shenzhen on December 3，2010. One Foundation’s strategy is for this one platform to focus on three areas， including disaster relief， children’s welfare and philanthropy development.

领导力可以被定义为一个人让别人心甘情愿追随的能力。以为核心的第一代中国领导人建立了中华人民共和国。他们经历过长征，中国内战和抗日战争。这些领导人的一个特点是他们为追求愿景采取行动并为之坚持不懈地努力.他们用激情感召他人加入，并且引领队伍朝着目标前进.

Leadership can be defined as one’s ability to get others to follow willingly. People's Republic of China was set by the leadership of the first leaders which took the Mao Zedong as the core.Their experiences included the Long March， the Chinese Civil War， and the Anti—Japanese War. One characteristic of these leaders were that they always did something in pursuit of the vision and worked toward it firmly。goal。

They inspired others to do the same and led the team toward the