2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语，读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时，please前多用逗号。
（1）. 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。 Go and see. 去看看。 Come in, please. 请进。
（2）. 祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。 Don't look at your books. 不要看书。 Don't play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。 3. There be 的句子结构
There be是一个\"存在\"句型，表示\"有\"的意思，
肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词（单数或复数）+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定，看be后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时，be动词形式为is；当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为are；当be动词后接两个以上主语时，be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为\"某地有某人或某物\"。如：
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。 There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。 （1）there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。 否定形式为：There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。 There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。 There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。
（2）there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语？肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't. ---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗？ ---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗？ ---No, there aren't. 没有。
（3）特殊疑问句：How many . . . are there (+地点状语)？\"某地有多少人或物？\"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . . 有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生？ ---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。
（4）如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语？ How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？ How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？ Want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事
Go shopping=do some shopping=do the shopping 去购物 Need sb to do sth 需要某人干某事 Can I help you？=what can I do for you? Take a look=have a look Spend doing sth 花费
Sb spend some time on sth./doing sth. 某人花时间干某事 It takes sb some time to do sth. 干某事花某人多少时间 Buy sb sth=buy sth for sb 1. play with sb 2. tell sb with sth 3. sell ab sth 4. be from
5. the beginning... 6. the way to... 7. teach sb sth 8. work for...
9. have a job for sb
as... 10. work with 11. give sb sth 12. give sth to sb 13. get sth from sb 14. help sb to do sth 15. show sb sth
16. shoe sth to sb 17. want to do sth 18. be good at... 19. be good to... 20. help sb with sth 21. eb good with sb
复数形式
1. 直接加s。
2. 以s,sh,ch,x结尾的单词要加es。
3. 以辅音字母加上y结尾的单词,去掉y加上ies.
4.以o 结尾的名词，变复数时，大多数都是直接加s, 除了hero, negro,potato,tamato这四个加es.
5.以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时,可以是加s，如：belief-beliefs，roof-roofs; 也有去f,fe 加ves，如
half-halves,knife-knives,leaf-leaves,wolf-wolves,wife-wives,thief-thieves. 此外。还有一些不规则变化。 对于像man结尾的词： man→men
一些以 man, woman 结尾的合成词，构成复数时与 man 的变化形式相同，如： policeman→policemen
但是 human(人)，German(德国人)不是合成词，其复数不能仿 man 的变化规律，而是按规则变化，即用 humans, Germans。
另外，当man用于名词前作定语时，若其后被修饰的名词为复数，则man也要用复数： man nurse→men nurses 男护士