学习目标：专题训练各名校完形填空，掌握完形填空常考点和难点以及解题技巧。 课堂测试：
1. 【2020-2021学年七宝中学高三上学期9月第一次月考卷】 难度值：（★★★★）
I recently met a Texan couple whose son was still in diapers. They were seeking to get him into a preschool that (41)______ a private preparatory school with a great record for college admissions.
The couple were ambivalent (uncertain) about doing this. They were from immigrant and working-class backgrounds, and had thrived in public schools. In theory, they believed that all children should have an equal chance to succeed. But I (42)______ that if they got their son a spot in the preschool, they’d take it.
It’s a familiar story. Psychologists, sociologists and journalists have spent over a decade critiquing （评论；评判）the habits of “helicopter parents” and their school (43)_______. They insist that hyper-parenting backfires — creating a generation of stressed-out kids who can’t (44)______ alone. Parents themselves alternate between feeling guilty, panicked and ridiculous. But a new research shows that in our unequal era, this kind of parenting brings life-changing benefits. According to the research, when inequality hit a low in the 1970s, there wasn’t that much of a gap between what someone earned with or without a college degree. Strict parenting (45)______ an era of “permissive parenting” — giving children lots of freedom with little oversight.
In the 1980s, however, inequality increased sharply in Western countries, especially the United States, and the gap between white- and blue-collar pay widened. Permissive parenting was replaced by helicopter parenting. Middle- and upper-class parents who’d gone to public schools and spent evenings playing kickball in the neighborhood began elbowing their toddlers into fast-track preschools and spending evenings monitoring their homework and driving them to activities. American parents eventually increased their (46)_______ care-giving by about 12 hours a week, compared with the 1970s.
Not all the changes were rational. But(47)______, the new parenting efforts seemed effective. When the researchers analyzed the 2012 PISA, an academic test of 15-year-olds around the world, along with reports from the teenagers and their parents about how they interact, they found that an “intensive parenting style” correlated with higher scores on the test.
It’s not enough just to (48)______ over your kids, however. If you do it as an “authoritarian”
parent — defined as someone who (49)______ directives, expects children to obey and sometimes hits those who don’t — you won’t get the full benefits.
The most effective parents, according to the authors, are “authoritative.” They use reasoning to persuade kids to do things that are good for them. Instead of strict obedience, they emphasize (50)_______, problem-solving and independence — skills that will help their offspring in future workplaces that we can’t even imagine yet.
And they seem most successful at helping their kids achieve the holy grails(圣杯) of modern parenting: college and postgraduate degrees, which now have a huge financial payoff.
The benefits aren’t just (51)_______. In a British study, kids raised by authoritative parents reported better health and higher self-esteem. In the American study, they were less likely to use drugs, smoke or(52) _______ alcohol. So why wouldn’t everyone just become a(n) (53)______ parent? Religious people, regardless of their income, are more likely to be authoritarian parents who expect obedience and believe in corporal punishment, the authors found. Working-class and poor parents might not have the leisure time to hover or the budget to pay for activities and expensive schools. And they may (54)_______ feel that they need to prepare their children for jobs in which rule-following matters more than debating skills. Those who can afford to helicopter are probably making things even more unequal for the next generation. Since there’s apparently no (55)_______ to how much people will do for their kids, the prognosis for parenting doesn’t look good. Yet another reason to elect people who’ll make America more equal: We grown-ups can finally stop doing homework. 41. A. changes into B. feeds into 42. A. claimed
C. turns into
C. suspected
D. transforms into D. questioned
B. doubted
43. A. obsessions 44. A. mention
B. associations C. observations B. action
D. investigations
D. function
C. transition
45. A. objected to 46. A. hands-down
B. contributed to C. gave rise to B. hands-off
D. gave way to
C. hands-on D. hands-over
47. A. for all the attention B. for the most part C. within defined areas D. under right supervision 48. A. look
B. hover
C. take
D. protect
D. evaluates D. adaptability
49. A. issues B. figures C. employs 50. A. reliability
B. probability
C. regularity
51. A. financial 52. A. abuse
B. physical C. academic
C. counter
D. mental D. command
B. refuse
53. A. permissive 54. A. neutrally 55. A. link
B. authoritative C. authoritarian B. formally
D. helicopter D. reluctantly
D. limit
C. rightly
B. proof C. comparison
【答案】41—55 B C A D D // C B B A D //C A B C D
课堂精讲：
2.【2020-2021学年建平中学高三下3月月考试卷】 难度值：（★★★★）
Face shape lets AI spot rare disorders
People with genetic syndromes（综合症）sometimes have revealing facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis an be ___41___ given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors ___42___ the possibilities.
Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and ___43___ a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.
They ___44___ the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked the AI to ___45___ potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.
Gurovich and his team also ___46___ the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations（变异）that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance per cent of the time. It’s clearly not ___47___, but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this. As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are ___48___ and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand
the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.
The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about ___49___. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, ___50___ use such techniques to ___51___ against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. ___52___, Gurovich says the tool will only be ___53___ for use by clinicians. This technique could bring significant ___54___ for those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be confirmed through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and, ___55___, help find new treatments or cures.
41. A. convincing 42. A. bring about 43. A. return 44. A. based 45. A. identify 46. A. tested
B. tricky
C. reliable
D. feasible D. rule out
B. result from B. input B. imposed
C. narrow down C. top
D. feed
D. trained
C. focused C. shift
B. distinguish B. demonstrated B. perfect
D. cure
D. acquired D. workable
C. recognized C. reliable
47. A. acceptable 48. A. covered
B. excluded B. accuracy
C. highlighted C. credibility C. efficiently C. argue
D. supervised D. privacy D. secretly D. vote
D. However D. rare
D.
49. A. objectivity 50. A. legally
B. habitually B. fight
51. A. discriminate 52. A. Furthermore 53. A. impossible 54. A. challenges concerns
55. A. by contrast contrary
B. Therefore B. available B. benefits
C. Otherwise C. ready
C. damages
B. in turn C. in addition D. on the
【答案】41-45 BCADA 46-50 ABCDD 51-55 ADBBB
3.【2020-2021学年上海市闵行区七宝中学高三英语上学期10月月考试卷】难度值：（★★★☆）
Biodiversity is a concept that's commonly referenced, yet regularly misunderstood. The complex (41)______ not only refers to the unbelievable variety of life on Earth, but to how everything from genes to entire ecosystems interact to make the planet habitable. The bad news: science shows that biodiversity is (42)______ worldwide at a faster rate than at any time in human history. That’s obviously devastating for everything in nature--including us.
“If biodiversity disappears, so do people,” says Dr. Stephen Woodley, field ecologist and bio-diversity expert with the International Union for Conservation of Nature. “We are part of the (43)______ and we do not exist without it.”
Preventing such a catastrophe, says Woodley, begins with understanding why biodiversity is declining, and then taking action to (44)______ course.
“The two greatest (45)______ of biodiversity loss are habitat loss, primarily on land, and overexploitation, primarily in the ocean,” Woodley says. He explains that we can solve these problems by permanently (46)______ more lands and oceans and managing them for their conservation values.
That's the mission of the global Campaign for Nature, a partnership of the Wyss Foundation and the National Geographic Society. Instead of simply protecting 30 percent of the Earth, the (47)______ also encourages nations, in full partnership with local communities, to focus on the right 30 percent. Those areas, says Woodley, (48)______ the most important biodiversity, such as endangered species and ecosystems and rare species and ecosystems.
The campaign also recognizes the importance of (49)______ local rights. Local peoples manage or hold tenure(保有权) over lands that support about 80 percent of the world's biodiversity, making it (50)______ for these communities to be full partners in developing and implementing strategies.
(51)______, protecting the health of key biodiversity areas is vital for tackling climate change, says National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Dr. Enric Sala. Pairing the international Paris Agreement to combat climate change, Sala's paper asserts, “would (52)______catastrophic(灾难性的) climate change, conserve species, and secure essential ecosystem services.”
“Biodiversity is stability,” says Sala. “Trees, wetlands, grasslands, peat bogs(泥炭沼泽), salt marshes(盐沼), healthy ocean ecosystems, mangroves(红树林), and plants (53)______ much of the carbon pollution humans put into the atmosphere. Yet, right now, less than half of the planet is in its natural state, which isn't enough.” Bottom line: Nature needs us to act-now. “Moving to Mars is not a(n) (54)______,” Sala adds. “The only conditions for our life and for the prosperity of human
society are here on Earth ...we are (55)______ protecting it.”
41.A. argument B. term C. structure D. problem 42.A. altering B. developing C. stabilizing D. worsening 43.A. ecosystem B. threat C. cycle D. procedure 44.A. affect B. change C. reverse D. continue 45.A. aspects B. causes C. consequences D. occasions 46.A. acquiring B. protecting C. exploiting D. possessing 47.A. management B. announcement C. campaign D. competition 48.A. consume B. destroy C. lose D. contain 49.A. denying B. enjoying C. ignoring D. respecting 50.A. essential B. simple C. temporary D. profitable 51.A. Besides B. However C. Thus D. Otherwise 52.A. witness B. detect C. confirm D. avoid 53.A. measure B. absorb C. survive D. prevent 54.A. mission B. decision C. option D. exploration 55.A. worried about B. confident in C. responsible for D. good at
【答案】
41-45 BDACB 46-50 BCDDA 51-55 ADBCC
4.【2020-2021学年上海市徐汇区上海中学高三上学期10月周测卷】难度值：（★★★☆）
Sherlock Holmes on the Commemorative Coin
Fictional British detective Sherlock Holmes is probably one of the most popular detectives in literary history. Known for his brilliant analytical skills, the consulting detective has been shown on screen 254 times and even holds the Guinness World Record for the most (41) literary human character in film TV. Hence, it is not surprising to hear that the royal Mint, responsible for producing coins in the United Kingdom, has (42) the iconic detective with a commemorative coin. Released on May 22,2019, in honor of creator Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's 160th birthday, the50 pence（75 cent）coin features a silhouette（剪影） of Holmes,(43) with the detective's famous deerstalker hat and pipe, on one side and Queen Elizabeth II on the other. Surrounding Holmes' image are some of his most popular (44) including, The Hound of the Baskervilles, Sign of the Four, The Valley of Fear, as well as the detective's debut novel –The study of Scarlet
The tiny lettering of the(45) , which require a magnifying glass to read, may seem like a mistake caused by the attempt to cram in too much in a small space. However, the coin's designer, Steve Raw, says he deliberately put them all there to (46) the \"inner detective\" in fans. He explains, \"Naturally, the only way to
solve the mystery of the text' is by using that essential piece of equipment always carried by the intrepid detective：a magnifying glass.”
The Royal Mint plans to put the50p coin in general (47) later this year. (48) ,fans hoping to add a sparkly new piece to their Sherlock Holmes memorabilia, can purchase an unpublished version for E10 （$13）from the Royal Mint's website Also (49) are 600limited edition silver proof coins for f55（$70）each and 400 limited edition gold proof coins for E795（$1,000）each.
Born in Edinburgh, Scotland on May22, 1859, Doyle was a trained doctor running a clinic, before discovering his passion for writing. Holmes character (50) Dr.Joseph Bell, a renowned scientist at Edinburgh University, whom Doyle studied under. Following the tremendous success of A Study in Scarlet, the imaginative author (51) four novels and 56 short stories. the last in 1927, (52) the detective and his sidekick, Dr. Watson. In addition to the screen adaptations, Holmes, whose stories continue to (53) fans young and old, has been featured on radio dramas, live stage, and even computer games.
The United Kingdom's fun tradition of featuring fictional characters on (54) began in 2016, when the Royal Mint celebrated Beatrix Potter's 150th birthday with limited edition coins featuring characters from the authors iconic children's story, The Tale of Peter Rabbit. In 2018,(55) his60th birthday, the adorable Paddington Bear appeared on a set of commemorative coins for purchase on the government agency's website. We wonder who will be next！
41. A.featuring B. portrayed C. boasted D. highlighted 42. A.honored B. awarded C. rewarded D. concerned 43. A.associated B. complete C. piled D. gifted 44. A.hardships B. issues C. events D. mysteries 45. A.accounts B. illustrations C. features D. titles 46. A.bring out B. bring about C. bring down D, bring in 47. A.accessibility B. popularity C. circulation D. promotion 48. A.However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Instead 49. A.present B. available C. desirable D. sensible
50. A.dated from B. arose from C. focused D. was based on 52. A.performing. B. auctioning C. characterizing D. starring 53. A.entertain B. invite C. embrace D. celebrate 54. A.bill B. credit C. currency D. note 55. Aspend B. mark C. approach D. signify
【答案】41-55BABDD ACABD ADACB
5.【2020-2021学年上海市闵行区华二紫竹中学高三上学期英语期中试卷】难度值：（★★★★★）
Internet privacy refers to the vast range of technologies, protocols and concepts related to giving individual users or other parties more privacy protections in their use of the global Internet. When Congress considered reversing online privacy rules last week, Steve Wilmot, a Los Angeles songwriter, reacted like many (41) ____ consumers. He looked into signing up for a technology service known as a virtual private network, or VPN.
The online privacy rules, which were just set to go into effect this year but fully (42) ____ on Monday by President Trump, would have required broadband providers like Comcast to get (43) ____ from customers before selling their browsing history to advertisers. Without restrictions, the companies can (44) ____ and sell people's information with greater ease.
A VPN was a natural service to consider in response. That's because the technology creates a virtual tunnel that (45) ____ your browsing information from your internet service provider. “I don't really want anybody to have any sort of access to what I'm looking at,” he said. “If anyone is going to (46) ____ off my privacy, I'd prefer it to be me.”
But while VPNs are worth considering, they are a flawed solution. Some apps and services, (47) ____, may stop working properly when you are connected to a virtual network. Here's an overview of the pros and cons, based on tests of VPN services and interviews with(48) _________ experts. Why go with a VPN?
When you browse the web, a broadband provider helps (49) ____ your device's internet traffic to each destination website. When you are on the internet, a service provider can see which devices you use and which sites you visit. But with VPN, all your internet provider would see is the VPN server's IP address connected to the VPN service. Does a VPN have any (50) ____?
In my tests with a Mac, download speeds dropped about 85 percent after connecting to F-Secure's Freedome VPN service, and by 50 percent when connected to another VPN service called Private Internet Access. In other words, Speeds will (51) ____ depending on the VPN provider’s infrastructure.
What's the VPN bottom line?
Even if you hide your activities from your internet provider, web companies like and Google can use tracking technologies like cookies to (52) ____ your activities as you move from site to site.
If you are truly concerned about keeping your web browsing history (53) ____, Mr. Grossman, an expert in a computer security company, recommended using a combination of a VPN and an ad blocker. In addition, he said, \"with VPNs, most people would probably be better off using them when it seems (54) ____ — and turning them off when they are not needed.\"
In brief, all things considered, VPN is only a(an) (55) ____ solution for keeping your browsing data private.
41.A. delighted B. sad C. concerned D. curious 42.A. reinforced B. deserted C. supervised D. regulated
43.A. allowance B. permission C. understanding D. negotiation 44.A. prospect B. retain. C. track D. modify 45.A. covers B. revises C. restores D. shields 46.A.spy B. restrain C. resolve D. profit 47.A. as a result B. on the contrary C. in addition D. for instance 48. A. security B. internet C. policy D. business 49.A. alter B. route C. select D. assess 50.A. restriction B. disturbance C. downsides D. caution 51.A. slow B. shift C. vary D. accelerate 52.A. identify B. locate C. record D. alert 53. A. in good order B. out of reach C. in the dark D. out of touch 54.A. safe B. essential C. available D. convenient 55. A. imperfect B. significant C. awful D. unique 【答案】
41-45 CBBCD 46-50 DDABC 51-55 CABBA
课堂训练：
6. 【2020-2021学年七宝中学高三下英语摸底考试】难度值：（★★★）
It used to be that people were proud to work for the same company for the whole of their working lives. They’d get a gold watch at the end of their 41 years and a dinner featuring speeches by their bosses praising their 42 . But today’s rich capitalists have regressed (倒退) to the “survival of the fittest” ideas and their loyalty extends not to their workers or even to their 43 but only to themselves. 44 giving out gold watches worth a thousand or so dollars for forty or so years of work, they grab tens and even hundreds of millions of dollars as they sell for their own profit the company they may have been with for only a few years.
The new rich selfishly act on their own to 45 grab the wealth that the country as a whole has produced. The top 1 percent of the population now has wealth equal to the whole bottom 95 percent and they want more. Their selfishness is most shamelessly 46 in downsizing and outsourcing (外包) because these business movements don’t act to create new jobs as the founders of new 47 used to do, but only to cut out jobs while keeping the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves.
To keep the money machine working smoothly the rich have bought all the 48 from the top down. The president himself is constantly leaving Washington and the business of the nation because he is invited to “ 49 dinners” where persons of importance pay a thousand or so dollars a plate to 50 their way into government not through service but through donations of vast amounts of money. Once on the inside they have both political parties busily 51 all the regulations that protect the rest of us from the greed of the rich.
The middle class used to be loyal to the free enterprise system. In the past, the people of the middle class mostly thought they’d be rich themselves someday or have a(n) 52 to become rich. But nowadays income is being 53 more and more unevenly and corporate loyalty is a
thing of the 54 . The middle class may also wake up to forget its loyalty to the so-called free enterprise system and the government which governs only the rest of us while letting the corporation do what they please with our jobs. As things stand, if somebody doesn’t wake up, the middle class is on a path to being 55 all the way to the bottom of society. 41. A. prospective proportional 42. A. honesty loyalty
43. A. stockholders 44. A. Apart from 45. A. unfairly unexpectedly 46. A. expanded 47. A. services
48. A. millionaires merry-making 50. A. launch breaking down 52. A. method 53. A. divided 54. A. current
B. resolution
B. past
C. opportunity
C. norm
D. technique
D. distributed D. future
B. delivered
C. deposited
B. push
C. insist
D. arouse
51. A. tearing up
B. conforming to
C. defending against D.
B. extended
B. fields B. politicians
C. expressed
C. businessmen
D. exerted
D. industries D. D. celebrities
C. careers C. fund-raising
B. personnel
C. equivalents
C. unbearably
D. trainees D.
B. As for
C. Instead of
D. Regardless of
B. efficiency
C. decency
D.
B. productive
C. promotional
D.
B. unintentionally
49. A. policy-reforming B. money-making
55. A. dismissed
B. deceived C. downsized D. distracted
【答案】41-45 BDACA
46-50 CDBCB 51-55 ACDBC
7.【2020-2021学年上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学高三下学期英语3月月考试卷】难度值：（★★★★☆）
The Psychology of Discounting
When retailers want to persuade customers to buy a particular product, they typically offer it at a discount. According to a new study to be published in the Journal of Marketing, however, they are (41)________ a trick.
A team of researchers, led by Akshay Rao of the University of Minnesota’s Carlson School of Management, (42)________ consumers’ attitudes to discounting. Shoppers, they found, much prefer getting something extra free to getting something cheaper. The main reason is that most people are poor at fractions(分数).
Consumers often struggle to realize, (43)________, that a 50% increase in (44)________ is the same as a 33% discount in price. They overwhelmingly (45)________ the former is better value. In an experiment, the researchers sold 73% more hand cream when it was offered in a bonus pack than when it carried an (46)________ discount (even after all other effects, such as a desire to stockpile were controlled for).
This mathematical blind spot remains even when the deal clearly (47)________ the discounted product. In another experiment, this time on his undergraduates, Mr. Rao offered two (48)________ on loose coffee beans: 33% extra free or 33% off the price. The discount is by far the better proposition, but the supposedly clever students viewed them as equivalent.
Studies have shown other ways in which retailers can exploit consumers’ mathematical (49)________. One is to confuse them with (50)________ discounting. People are more likely to see a(n) (51)________ in a product that has been reduced by 20%, and then by an additional 25%, than one that has been subject to an equivalent, one-off, 40% reduction.
Marketing types can draw lessons beyond just (52)________, says Mr Rao. When advertising a new car’s efficiency, for example, it is more (53)________ to talk about the number of extra miles per gallon it does, rather than the equivalent percentage (54)________ in fuel consumption.
There may be lessons for regulators too. Even (55)________ shoppers are easily foxed. Sending everyone back to school for maths refresher-courses seems out of the question. But more noticeably displayed unit prices in shops and advertisements would be a great help.
41. A. missing
B. learning
C. Playing C. relied on C. for example C. quality C. oppose C. essential C. enforces C. situations C. illiteracy C. special
D. trying D. engaged in D. as usual D. variety D. confess D. equivalent D. initiates D. decisions D. dependence D. accurate
42. A. communicated with B. looked at 43. A. by contrast 44. A. quantity 45. A. indicate 46. A. attractive 47. A. blows 48. A. deals 49. A. inaccessibility 50. A. substantial
B. after all B. catalogue B. assume B. adequate B. favours B. discount B. failure B. double
51. A. innovation 52. A. commercializing 53. A. fundamental 54. A. fall 55.A..reasonable
B. price B. pricing B. aggressive B. usage B.well-educated
C. bargain C. advertising C. logical C. volume C.flexible
D. quality D. retailing D. convincing D. increase D.good-tempered
【答案】41-55 ABCAB DBACB CBDAB
8.【2019-2020学年上海宁区延安中学高三上学期11月第一次阶段测试卷】难度值：（★★★☆）
Transportation is the movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another. (41)______human beings, from ancient times to the 21st century, sought to make their transport facilities more (42)_____ they have always endeavored to move people and property with the least expenditure of time, effort and cost. Improved transportation had helped(43)_____ toward better living, the modern systems of manufacturing and commerce, and the complex, interdependent urban economy present in (44)______ of the world today.
In early periods, human beings supplemented their own carrying of goods and possessions by starting to(45)______animals—training them to bear small loads and pull crude sleds. The invention of the wheel, probably in western Asia, was a great step forward in transport. As the wheel was perfected, crude carts and wagons began to(46)______in the Tigris-Euphrates valley about 3500 BC, and later in Crete, Egypt, and China. Wheeled vehicles could not use the(47)______ paths and trails used by pack animals, and early roads were soon being built by the Assyrians and the Persians. The greatest improvements in transportation have appeared in the last two(48)______, a period during which the Industrial Revolution has vastly changed the economic life of the entire world. Crude railways-horse-drawn wagons with wooden wheels and rails had been used in English and European mines during the 17th century. Although it first appeared in England, the railroad had its most dramatic growth in the United States. By 1840 more than 4,800 km of railroad were already operating in the eastern states, a figure 40 percent greater than the total railroad mileage of
Europe.(49)______, since World War I, the U.S. railroads have been in a decline, partly because private automobiles, trucks, buses, pipelines, and airlines developed rapidly.
The first new mode of transportation to(50)______the railroad was the motor vehicle, which was made possible by the invention, in the 1860s and 1870s, of the internal engine of the process of burning. The automobile found its greatest popularity in the United States, where the first \"horseless carriages\" appeared in the 10s. Two hundred million motor vehicles had been produced in the nation within 70 years of their first appearance. The automobile thus became in many ways(51)______to the 20th century ______ the railroads had been to the 19th.
During the same period intercity buses (52)_______ a large portion of commercial passenger travel, and trucks began carrying a great deal of the nation's freight.
Although the emphasis on fuel conservation become gradually less in the 1980s, (53)______ doubt that oil scarcities are likely to happen, as they did in the 1970s. Future possibilities include automobiles with far greater fuel efficiency and improved mass-transit systems. Both will occur not only(54)______ oil-supply disruption, but also as an answer to increasing demands for cleaner air. Improvements in mass transit offer the most promise for the future. Amtrak's 1993 introduction of the Swedish high-speed \"tilting train\" should cut travel time between some East Coast cities(55)______almost half, once tracks are entirely electrified.
41. A. Although B.If C. As D.With 42. A. Convincing B.original C. noticeable D. efficient 43. A. make tools B.make changes C.make progress D.make money 44. A.much B. need C.explanation D.possession 45. A.operate B.domesticate C.transport D.produce 46. A.appear B.simplify C.shape D.embrace 47. A.secure B.narrow C.rotten D.ridiculous 48. A.periods B.years C.centuries D.anniversaries 49. A.Therefore B.Namely C.However D.Instantly 50. A. Dispute B.challenge C.entitle D.modernize 51. A.as good.. .as B.as long... as C.as well...as D.as important.. .as 52. A.took on B.took off C.took in D.took over 53. A.each B.either C.few D.others
54. A.in response to B.in respect to C.in addition to D.in reference to 55. A.for B. by C. with D. in 【答案】 CDCAB ABCCB DDCAB
课堂小结及作业：
9.【2019-2020学年上海宁区延安中学高三上学期11月第二次阶段测试卷】难度值：（★★★★☆）
The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone （41）______ a crime he or she is considered （42）______ until the court proves that the person is guilty. (43)______, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a
第三步 复读全文，全片联系，思前顾后，核实定夺 第二上下文联系，逐句阅读，认真思索，初定答案 答案要求 语法正确，搭配无误，结构完整 意思通顺，前后一致，逻辑得当 解题分析 A. 从空格所在的句子单独考虑 B. 从空格所在的前后2-3句考虑 C. 从整个段落，整篇短文考虑 思路一：分析句子结构，从语法和句型结构考虑 思路二：理解句子含义，判断句意关系，从词汇的意义用法和搭配考虑。 思路三：把握整体意思，寻找答题线索，从上下文考虑 思路四：结合前后语境，进行逻辑推理，从日常生活常识考虑。 第一步 审读首句； 预测全文； 快速通读； 领会大意 审读首句：明确短文话题，了解篇章，预测全文内容 跳过空格，快速通读，领会大意，把握中心 生词的处理：跳过，判断词性，了解大意，猜测 把选择的答案代入短文原句检查复核 person is guilty. It is not the (44)______ of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.
In order to arrest a person, the police (45)______ be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to\"book him\" “Booking \" means that the name of the person and the charges against him are (46)______ listed at the police station.
The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or ( 47) ______.If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away---for example, because he owns a house and has a family---he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must (48)______ bail(保释金). At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he cant afford one.
The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district lawyer’s office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a(n) (49)______.The attorney may present (50)______ as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trail追踪. If the judge decides that there is (51)______ evidence to (52)_______a trail, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally admit guilty or not guilty.
At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both lawyers and hear the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime.If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent ,he goes free. (53)______, if he is convicted（被判有罪的）,judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for (54)______ .At this time the Judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison,order him to pay a fine,or place him on probation(级刑).
The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However,(55)______ rights are the basis, on every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These foundation, of the American government. 41.A. is guilty of 42. A. unpleasant
B.is responsible for B.inexperienced
C. is accused of C. paralleled
D. is ashamed of D.innocent
43. A.On the contrary B. As a result C. In addition D.in other words 44. A. responsibility 45. A.are obliged to
B. conviction B. might as well
C. humanity
D. initiative
C.are entitled to D.are
qualified to
46. A. reasonably B. formally 47.A. locked up 48. A. put up
B.set free
C. readily
D. occasionally
D. cared for
C. concerned about
B. put forward C. put on
C. opportunity
D. put through D. hearing D. information
D. economic
49. A. process B. decision 50. A.victims 51. A. sufficient 52. A. call on 53. A. Besides 54. A. booking 55. A. common 【答案】
B. claim
C. evidence
B. fantastic C.demanding B.call at
C.call up
D. call for D. Consequently
D.releasing D. popular
B. However
B. sentencing
C. Therefore C. punishing
B.substantial C. individual
41-45 CDDAA 46-50 BBADC 51-55 ADBBC
10.【2020-2021学年上海市杨浦区控江高级中学高三上学期英语9月月考卷】难度值：（★★★★★）
Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. (41)_____ regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving (42)_______.
The greatest (43)_______of deliberate practice is to remain focused. In the beginning, showing up is the most important thing. But after a while we begin to carelessly (44) ________small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement. This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to (45) ________ repeated behaviors into automatic habits. (46)________when you first learned to tie your shoes you had to think carefully about each step of the process. Today, after many repetitions, your brain can perform this sequence (47) ________. The more we repeat a task the more mindless it becomes.
Mindless activity is the (48) _______ of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes (49) ________. Too often, we think we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In (50) _______, we are merely reinforcing (加固) our current habits —not improving them.
Claiming that improvement requires attention and effort sounds logical enough. But what does deliberate practice actually look like in the real world?
The first effective feedback system is (51) _______. This holds true for the number of pages we read, the number of pushups we do, the number of sales calls we make, and any other task that is important to us. It is only through measurement that we have any (52) ______ of whether we are getting better or worse.
The second effective feedback system is coaching. One consistent finding across disciplines is that coaches are often essential for (53) ________ deliberate practice. In many cases, it is nearly impossible to both perform a task and measure your progress at the same time. Good coaches can track your progress, find small ways to improve, and hold you (54) _______ to delivering your best effort each day.
Deliberate practice is not a comfortable activity. It requires sustained effort and concentration, but if you can manage to maintain your focus and (55) _______then the promise of deliberate practice is quite tempting: to get the most out of what you’ve got. 41. A. Since 42. A. awareness 43. A. equivalent 44. A. overlook 45. A. transport 46. A. For example 47. A. carelessly 48. A. outcome 49. A. distracted 50. A. reality 52. A. motivation 53. A. resisting 54. A. accountable 55. A. existence
B. Whether B. performance B. ambition B. insert B. translate B. On the contrary B. accurately B. enemy B. imposed B. despair B. proof B. eliminating B. opposed B. commitment
C. While C. enjoyment C. challenge C. detect C. transplant C. As a result C. instantly C. source C. assumed C. contrast C. measurement C. trouble C. defining C. addicted C. dignity
D.As D. intelligence D. appeal D. implement D. transform D. On the other hand D. automatically D. substitute D. noted D. return D. management D. concern D. sustaining D. parallel D. perspective
51. A. encouragement B. compliment
【答案】41-45CBCAD 46-50 ADBCA 51-55 CBDAB
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