1. n.&v.滥用；虐待 [典例]
1) We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to us. 2) He greeted me with a stream of abuse, which made me feel sad. [重点用法] drug abuse滥用药品 child abuse虐待儿童 [练习] 汉译英
根据最新的法律，家长也不允许在家中虐待儿童。
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2. n.&v.禁止；取缔；禁令
[重点用法] ban…from sth./doing sth.禁止做某事 a ban on关于……的禁令 [典例]
1) From last June, there is a ban on offering plastic bags for free in supermarket. 2) People are banned from smoking in many public places in England.
[练习] 汉译英
这儿的学生不允许带手机回校。
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3. adj. 应付的,到期的,预期的 [典例]
1) Their plane is due in 15 minutes. 2) The electricity bill is due today . 3) A great deal of money is due to you. [重点用法]
due to因为……；归因于，归功于 be due to do sth.定于某时做某事 [练习]
1. 汉译英 由于这次全球性的金融危机，他被解雇了。
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2．—Did you look up the time of trains to Shanghai? —Yes，the early train is________to leave at 5∶30 a．m. A． likely
B．about C．possible D.due
3. It was due to luck ________ judgement ________ the driver succeeded in avoiding an accident.
A．better than; when B．rather than; that C．other than; when D．more than; which
4. adj沉溺于 [重点用法]
be/become/ge addicted to sth／doing sth沉溺于……；专心做…… addict oneself to sth沉溺于……
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addict n．沉湎于不良嗜好的人(尤指吸毒者) addiction n．沉湎，成瘾 addictive adj.使人上瘾的
[典例]
1) 50 million Americans are thought to be addicted to nicotine． 2) Many kids have now become addicted to surfing the Net． 3) He is an addicted traveler.
[练习]
1. 汉译英 不要再让自己陷入这样愚蠢的事情。
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2．________to computer games，the boy has lost all interest in his lessons. A．Addicted
5. adj. 通常的 [重点用法]
be(become／grow／get accustomed)to(doing)sth．习惯于(与get used to sth./doing sth.同义) accustom oneself to sh./doing sth.使自己习惯于…..;养成…….的习惯 [典例]
1) We were accustomed to working together．
2) Having moved to the northeast of China, I had to accustom myself to the dry weather. [练习]
（江苏卷)—They are quiet，aren’t they? —Yes.They are accustomed________at meals. A．to talk
6. vt.停止(作某事);离职 [典例]
1) I am so tired that I decide to quit next month.
2) I had to quit the gathering in order to be home by midnight.
3) He quit smoking, and talked something to the person next to him. [重点用法]
quit doing sth.(必须接名词或动名词做宾语) 除此，以下动词有类似用法 suggest; practise; risk(冒险);
enjoy; escape; admit; advise; allow; appreciate; avoid; deny; mind; miss; permit; consider; forbid; finish;
prevent; keep ; delay; dislike; imagine;
[练习] 汉译英
1) 教练盯着队员并要求他们不要说话。
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B．Having addicted C．Addicting D．Addict
B．to not talk C．to talking D．to not talking
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7. n.幸存 [重点用法]
survive v.幸免于，幸存 survivor n.幸存者 [典例]
1) As is known, we need food and water for survival. 2) The house survive the storm.
[练习] 汉译英
1) 没有人能够在这次中幸存下来。
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2) 她比她丈夫多活了十年。
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8. n．结果；效力
His new way of teaching produced a good effect. Punishment had very little effect on them. The new law will come into effect next month.
They decided to bring the plan into effect as soon as possible. (1)have an effect on/upon对……有效，对……产生影响 (2)put/bring sth.into effect实施，实行，使生效
(3)come into effect/take effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施
(4)take effect生效；奏效 (5)of no effect没有效果的；没有影响的 (6)side effect副作用
Usually what the teacher says will have a deep________on a child. A．mark B．effect C．satisfaction
9. n.重压，逼迫，压力；重音；重点vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读 Jane’s been under a lot of stress since her mother’s illness. He stressed the importance of a good education. He was feeling very stressed and tired.
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D．expression
10. adj.习惯的，通常的 You will soon get accustomed to the job.
He quickly accustomed himself to/became accustomed to the new way of life. She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early.
accustom vt.使习惯于，养成习惯 accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己习惯做某事
(江苏)—They are quiet，aren’t they? —Yes.They are accustomed________at meals. A．to talk
B．to not talk C．to talking
D．to not talking
Accustomed to________the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top. A．climbing
11. adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
shame n．羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事 shameful adj.不体面的 shameless adj.不知羞耻的 She feels ashamed of having failed in the examination. I felt ashamed to ask for help.
It is a shame that you can’t stay with us.
The instructor asked us to list anything in our past that we felt________of，regretted and read our lists aloud. A．ashamed
12. n.危险，风险v.使冒险；冒……风险 I wouldn’t run the risk of being late for work.
When children start smoking，they don’t realize that they’re risking their health. The brave man risked his life in trying to save the boy.
重点词组
1. 想要做某事 [典例]
I feel like drinking a cup of hot tea in the cold winter every evening.
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B．climb C．having climbed D．have climbed
B．afraid C．sure D．proud
I feel like lying on the bed and listening to the music. It feels like a snake. [短语归纳]
would like to do sth.想要做某事 prefer to do sth.喜欢做某事
would rather do … than do…情愿做……而不愿… prefer doing (sth.) to (doing) sth. 情愿做……而不愿…
enjoy doing sth.喜欢/乐意做某事
[练习] —How about going shopping today?
—Sorry. I don't feel quite myself today. I don't feel like ________ anything. A．do B．doing C．to do D．to be doing
2. 冒险 [典例]
1) I know that I am taking a risk, but it is all worthwhile.
2) He took the risk of losing his own life and saved my life in the cold river. [短语归纳]
at risk冒风险；处于危险中 at the risk of sth./doing sth.冒......的危险 risk doing冒险做...... at one’s own risk自担风险 [练习] 汉译英
1. 任何人在此游泳，后果自负。
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2. 战争爆发了，许多无辜的民众处于失去生命的危险之中。
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He got well-prepared for the job interview，for he couldn’t risk________the good opportunity. A．to lose
3. 不管;尽管 [典例]
1) They kept going in spite of their fears. 2) In spite of the heavy rain, he came on time. [拓展]
regardless of不管，不顾，后跟名词，动名词，代词，名词短语等。 despite=in spite of although尽管,后跟从句 [练习] 1. 汉译英
1）不管别人说什么，我仍认为他这个人很好。
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2）尽管天气不好，他们的假期还是过得极为愉快。
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B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost
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He always did well at school________having to do part-time jobs every now and then. A．in spite of
B．regardless of C．on account of D．in case of
4. 陷入 [典例]
1) He got into the habit of smoking following his father’s example. 2) You may get into trouble, if you always tease others.
[短语归纳]
get over a difficulty克服困难 get over a cough咳嗽好了 get down to sth./doing sth.开始做某事
get through to you打通你的电话 get through the work完成工作 [练习]1. 汉译英
1) 当陷入麻烦时，一定要保持镇定。
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2) 晚饭后，女孩开始做功课。
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—Are you ready to leave? —Almost，I’ll be ready to go as soon as I________putting the clean dishes away. A．get through
B．give up C．go on
D．set about
—Many students are________smoking.—Yes，we must do something to keep others________. A．in the habit of；from falling into the habit B．having the habit of；getting into the habit C．in habit of；from getting out of the habit of D．in the habit of；getting into it 5. 由于……，因为…… ①The meeting is due to start until three. ②The accident is due to your careless driving. ③The electricity bill is due to be paid. ④I’m due for a pay rise soon.
⑤Owing to our joint efforts，the task was fulfilled ahead of time. ⑥He refused to call off the game simply because of the rain.
(1)because of因为(较口语化) (2)owing to因为(较正式) (3)thanks to因为，多亏了
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(4)as a result of因为 (5)on account of由于
重点句子
1. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking
[解释] It is (high/about) time for sb. to do sth.=It is (high/about) time that sb. did/should do sth.该某人做某事的时候了。 [典例]
It is high time for us to say good-bye.=It is high time that we should say good-bye. [练习] 汉译英
1) 现在是周六了，你该把工作放下了。
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2) 我们该为自己的未来做打算了。
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2. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...和……一样……
I have read as interesting a book as you have read. The man hopes to live as simple a life as his grandpa. I can’t afford as expensive a car as his.
so＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋that...如此……以至于 (not) so＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as...和……一样…… too＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋to do...太……而不能……
This is so difficult a problem that no one can work it out. It is too high a price for us to pay.
[练习] 1．Sarah is so sweet but________girl to speak out in public. A．the too shy B．too shy a C．too shy the D．too a shy
2．Bill is a good man，kind and diligent.Don’t be too hard on him.He’s doing the job________. A．as good as he can B．as well as he could C．as well as he can D．as best as he could
3．I didn’t know，for example，that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.
[信息提取] 在句中do damage to为一固定表达，意为“对……造成损害”“使……受到损害”，其中的to为介词。
[例句仿写] 暴风雨对庄稼造成了巨大的损失。
The storm________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the crop. 4．If you start to feel nervous or stressed，don’t reach for a cigarette.
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[信息提取] 句中reach for意为“伸出手；伸长”，通常与out连用。 [例句仿写] 那个乞丐伸出手来讨钱。
The beggar________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
5．HIV weakens a person’s immune system；that is，the part of the body that fights disease. [信息提取] that is为副词短语，“也就是说，换句话说”，相当于namely或that is to say。 [例句仿写] 你做得很好，也就是说，我对你很满意。
You did well，________ ________，________ ________ ________ ________. 1. （天津卷）1. We feel _____ our duty to make our country a better place. A. it B. this C. that D. one
2．Bill is good at playing football，but when ________comes to basketball，he knows nothing. A．he B．that C．this D．it 3．I hate________when people talk with their mouths full. A．it B．that C．these D．them
4．—Do you think________worthwhile to go all the way to Beijing to buy that computer? —Well，I’m going to visit the Bird’s Nest and the Water Cube. A．it B．/ C．this D．that
5．—Did you pass your driving test? —Yes.Even I myself didn’t believe I could make________. A．that B．it C．myself D．them
6. 【全国卷II】⒐ Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning. A. herself B. this C. that D. it
7. 【陕西】13. No matter where he is, he makes ____ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. A. him B. this C. that D. it
8. 【四川】2. New technologies have made ____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
A. that B. this C. one D. it
9. （北京卷）34.The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase_____.
A. then B. those C. it D. that
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He was represented with an award for saving a woman at the ________(冒险) of his own life. 2．To my disappointment，he________(滥用) my confidence. 3．I am________(对……感到惭愧) that I can’t work it out.
4．He is a heavy smoker.He can smoke a packet of________(香烟) a day. 5．Most parents pay attention to children’s________(智力的) development. Ⅱ.选词填空
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in spite of；decide on；get accustomed to；at risk；become addicted to 1．Have you________________a date for the wedding?
2．The disease is spreading，and all young children are________________. 3．It doesn’t take long to________________________these drugs.
4．It will be a long time before you________________________the local food.
5．________________________all kinds of difficulties，I succeeded in finishing the job all by myself. Ⅲ.巧思妙解
1．The book has received lots of criticism.However，_________sales，it is quite a hit. A．on the basis of
B．by means of C．in spite of
D．in terms of
2．The job is great________salary.It has its disadvantages，though. A．in case of
B．as a result of C．in terms of
D．except for
3．________your advice，I would have been caught in the traffic and I wouldn’t have been there on time.
A．In spite of
B．But for C．Because of
D．As for
4．He always did well at school________having to do part-time jobs every now and then. A．in spite of Ⅳ.语法专练
本单元语法—it的用法(Ⅰ)
1．________has been said before，it is not easy to learn English well. A．As
B．It C．What
D．As it
B．regardless of C．on account of
D．in case of
2．Bill is good at playing football，but when ________comes to basketball，he knows nothing. A．he
B．that C．this
D．it
3．I hate________when people talk with their mouths full. A．it
B．that C．these
D．them
4．—Do you think________worthwhile to go all the way to Beijing to buy that computer? —Well，I’m going to visit the Bird’s Nest and the Water Cube. A．it
B．/ C．this
D．that
5．—Did you pass your driving test?
—Yes.Even I myself didn’t believe I could make________.
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A．that
Unit 2
B．it C．myself D．Them
transforms branches translation conveyed endless appropriate sponsor diamond flexible warmth load sorrow endless
BBCCCB a great deal take the place of scores of aim at focus on made an attempt
D BCDA BBDCD
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