一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解
As far back as he could remember, Larry had wanted to go to Hollywood and become a film star. The young man's hopes for success were broken again and again. However, Hollywood was just everything to him. When he first came to California? Larry had decided never to give up and return home without success. Therefore, he kept on trying. \"Some day,\" he told himself, \"my big chance would come.\"
Larry found a job—parking cars at one of Hollywood's big restaurants. His pay was low, but since the guests were kind enough to give him more money, he managed to make a living. One day he recognized an important film director driving into the parking lot and getting out of his car. Larry had recently heard that the man was ready to make a new picture.
Larry got into the car and prepared to drive it on into the lot and park it. Then he stopped, jumped out, and ran over to the director. \"Excuse me, sir, but I think it's only fair to tell you that it's now or never if you want me in your next picture. A lot of big companies are after me.\" Instead of pushing away the boy, the director laughed, then wrote something on a card and handed it to the young man. \"Come and see me tomorrow.\" Larry got a small part in the director's next film. He was on his way! （1）It's clear that Larry's job—parking cars ________. A. helped him make a lot of money B. brought him the hope to be a film star
C. made him fail again and again in getting into Hollywood D. gave him few chances to meet stars
（2）The film director asked Larry to meet him the next day because _______. A. he needed a driver very much B. Larry would become a star
C. some big companies would give him a job D. Larry expressed his hope in a wise way （3）We can learn from the story that _______. A. the film director knew Larry's hard experience before B. Larry managed to be a part in the new film
C. the job parking cars could bring young people everything D. the new film was not so important for the director
（4）\"He was on his Way\" refers to the fact that _______.
A. he gave up and returned home B. he began to work towards success C. he drove the director's car to Hollywood D. he had a long way to go to be in the film （5）The story mainly wants to tell us _______. A. it was hard for Larry, to find a job in a restaurant in Hollywood B. Larry was so lucky to meet the director in the parking lot C. why Larry could remember many things before D. how Larry succeeded- in his new life in Hollywood 【答案】 （1）B
（2）D （3）B （4）B （5）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Larry在好莱坞寻求机会的故事。
（1）推理题。根据Larry found a job—parking cars at one of Hollywood's big restaurant 拉里找到了一份工作——在好莱坞的一家大餐馆停车One day he recognized an important film director driving into the parking lot and getting out of his car. Larry had recently heard that the man was ready to make a new picture 一天，他认出了一位重要的电影导演，他开车进了停车场，下了车。拉里最近听说这个人准备拍一张新照片 可知， 很明显拉里停车的工作是给他带来了成为电影明星的希望 ， 故选B。
（2）推理题。根据 I think it's only fair to tell you that it's now or never if you want me in your next picture. A lot of big companies are after me.\" 我想告诉你现在或者永远都不会是你想让我出现在你的下一张照片里才是公平的。许多大公司都在追我 可知， 电影导演让拉里第二天见他，因为拉里以明智的方式表达了他的希望 ， 故选D。
（3）细节题。根据 Larry got a small part in the director's next film 可知， 拉里设法在这部新电影中扮演了一个角色 ，故选B。
（4）推理题。根据拉里在导演的下一部电影中扮演了一个小角色可知，He was on his Way是他开始走向成功 ， 故选B。
（5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了Larry在好莱坞寻求机会的故事可知本文讲述拉里是如何成功的——在好莱坞的新生活中 ， 故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．根据短文内容出选择正确答案。
A
A farmer had a brother in town who was a gardener, and his brother had a garden full of the finest fruit trees. So his skill and his beautiful trees were famous everywhere. One day the farmer went into the town to visit his brother, and was surprised at the trees that grew quite well. \"Look, my brother,\" said the gardener. \"I will give you an apple tree, the best from my garden, and you, and your children, and your children's children will enjoy it.\"
Then the gardener called his workmen and ordered them to take up the tree and carry it to his brother's farm. They did so, and the next morning the farmer began to wonder where he should plant it.
\"If I plant it on the hill,\" he said to himself, \"the wind might catch it and shake down the delicious fruit before it is ripe. If I plant it close to the road, passersby will see it and take away the apples--but if I plant it too near the door of my house, my children may pick the fruit.\" So, after he had thought the matter over, he planted the tree behind his barn （谷仓）.
Time passed, but the tree had no fruit the first year, nor the second-then the farmer called his brother. When the gardener came, the farmer said angrily, \"You have cheated me, and given me a useless tree instead of a fruitful one. This is the third year and still it brings out nothing but leaves! \"
The gardener laughed and said, \"See where the tree was planted, it has no sun or warmth. How could you expect flowers and fruit?\"
（1）From the passage, we can see the farmer planted the apple tree
A. behind his barn B. on the hill C. close to the road D. near his house （2）The underlined word \"ripe\" means \"__________\" in Chinese.
A. 挂果 B. 成熟 C. 开花 D. 成长 （3）What is NOT mentioned in the fifth paragraph?
A. What happened to the apple tree. B. Why the farmer got angry with his brother. C. What kind of man the farmer was. D. Why the farmer called his brother. （4）Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The farmer's brother had a garden full of the finest fruit trees. B. The gardener gave his brother the best apple tree from his garden. C. No flowers, fruit or leaves were on the apple tree. D. The farmer thought his brother gave him a useless tree. （5）What do you know from the end of the story?
A. The farmer moved the tree to the roadside. B. The gardener took the tree to the roadside. C. The tree will have no fruit any more. D. The gardener taught the farmer a lesson. 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）C （4）C （5）D
【解析】【分析】农民从城里的园丁那里移植了一棵苹果树，把它种在他的谷仓后面，三年了，果树没有长出像园丁说的那样的果子。这是为什么呢？园丁来了一看恍然大悟。
（1）细节理解。根据文章第四段So, after he had thought the matter over, he planted the tree behind his barn （谷仓）.可知选A。
（2）词义猜测。句意：“如果我把它种在山上，在果实成熟前大风会吹果树，把可口的果实晃掉。”因此选B。
（3）细节理解。根据第五段可知，两年树没有结果实；农民很生气，给哥哥打电话说他哥哥骗他。没有提到农民是怎么样一个人，故选C。
（4）细节理解。根据第五段This is the third year and still it brings out nothing but leaves! 可知树没有开花结果，但是长有叶子。故选C。
（5）推理判断。根据最后一段，园丁告诉农民树不结果的原因，故选D，给他上了一课。 【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
3．根据短文内容选择正确答案。
C
Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman （垃圾清理工）
Mr. Swales wanted to find out what his students’ parents did. He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman!” Everybody in the class laughed out loud, except Jodie. She felt her face turn red.
“Silence!” Mr Swales said, “Being a garbagemen is a difficult and useful job. We should all be thankful to Jodie’s father.”
Jodie’s father came to walk her home from school as usual, but she didn’t run up to him the way she always did. When they got back home, Jodie went to her room and cried for a long time. Her father came into her room, “What happened, Jodie? Why are you so sad?”
Jodie told her father what had happened and looked at him. He didn’t seem angry or hurt. “Well,” he said, “they are right. Being a garbageman is a dirty job. Tomorrow’s Saturday. Come to work with me, Jodie.”
The place really smell too good. Jodie wrinkled her nose. “Don’t worry, kid. In five minutes you won’t smell a thing.” said her father.
Everybody there was working hard, and they seemed to have a good time. Jodie’s father handed her a pair of gloves and told her to get the little plastic bags and throw them into the truck.
It was fun, but also hard work. Jodie’s arms soom got tired. At last, no more garbage was left and Jodie felt very happy.
“Garbage is disgusting, but when we clear it away, everything’s nice and clean. You can make yourself happy only by making other happy. That’s why I like being a garbageman so much.” Jodie give her dirty, smeely garbageman daddy a big kiss（吻）. She said, “When I grow up, I will be a garbagegirl!”
Now whenever someone asks Jodie what her daddy does, she says, “He’s a garbageman! Everybody makes garbage, but my daddy takes it away!” （1）What happened in My Swale’s class?
A. He wanted to show what job was the most useful. B. He asked an improper question. C. Jodie gave an honest answer. D. Jodie was laughed at. （2）Why did Jodie’s father take her to his workplace?
A. To make Jodie calm down
B. To prove how dirty his job was.C To help Jodie learn about his job. C. To help Jodie learn about his job. D. To keep Jodie away from her classmates.
（3）Jodie gave her father a big kiss mainly because ______.
A. he was kind B. he was unselfish（无私的） C. he was cheerful D. he is hard-working （4）How does Jodie feel about her father now?
A. Sad B. Curious C. Guilty（有罪的） D. Proud 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者主要讲述了一个女孩对自己爸爸从事垃圾清洁工这一工作态度和认识的转变的故事，从一开始同学的嘲笑自己感到委屈，而最后得知爸爸工作的辛苦和伟大。
（1）细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二、三句He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s daddy is a garbageman!可知，当同学们知道Jodie的爸爸是一名垃圾清理工时都在笑话她；故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据短文第十段爸爸的话语“Garbage is disgusting, but when we clear it away, everything’s nice and clean. You can make yourself happy only by making other happy.可知，爸爸要女儿来到他工作的场所是让她体验到自己工作的光荣；故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据短文内容可知爸爸付出了自己的辛勤劳动，方便的市民的生活，其精神是大公无私的；所以女儿为爸爸自豪，而高兴地去亲吻他；故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据短文最后两段可看出女儿对爸爸工作态度的转变，她总是告诉别人他爸爸工作的光荣和以后也要当一名清洁女工来看，她是为爸爸的工作而自豪的；故选D。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
4．根据短文内容选择正确答案。
A
The 2014 FI FA World Cup, the twentieth World Cup football match, was held in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014. Thirty-two teams from different countries brought us sixty-four wonderful games during the World Cup. This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in South America. Thousands of football fans watched the games. A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国）, a mouth-watering documentary TV program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people. The program has become very popular since it was shown on TV. The documentary provides not only Chinese delicious food but also the relationships between people and food. “We made this documentary with our respect and love for food. I hope it will help people learn more about Chinese food as well as Chinese culture.” said the director Mr. Chen. Lu Jialei, a school girl from Hangzhou, China, won the championship of the first Chinese Character Dictation Contest, which made her become famous overnight. Lu is a hard-working girl and always comes top at school. “I like reading and I’m crazy about learning Chinese characters. I enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese characters.” said Lu Jialei after winning the contest. （1）How long did the 2014 FIFA World Cup last?
A. About a week. B. About two weeks C. About a month. D. About two months. （2）Which is NOT true according to the articles?
A. Lu Jialei always gets good grades at school. B. The World Cup has been held in South America twice. C. Many people like watching the TV program A Bite of China.
D. Lu Jialei hopes more people ca n take much interest in Chinese characters. （3）Where may the articles probably come from?
A. A story book. B. A science report. C. A sports magazine. D. The Internet. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文给我们介绍了三段不同内容的短文。第一段是关于今年夏天将在巴西举行的足球世界杯；第二段是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个电视节目；第三段是关于第一届汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。
（1）细节理解题。根据短文的第一段中the twentieth World Cup football match, will be held in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014.可知，第20届世界杯足球赛将于2014年6月12号到7月13号在巴西举行，时间是持续一个月。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据Lu is a hard-working girl and always comes top at school.可知A的说法是对的；根据A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国）, a mouth-watering documentary TV program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people.可知C的说法也符合文意；根据enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese characters可知D也是符合文意的； 根据This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in South America.可知，这是世界杯足球赛第五次在南美洲国家举行，故B不对。选B。
（3）主旨大意题。这篇短文中给我们介绍了三个不同的内容，第一段是关于今年的世界杯足球比赛将在巴西举行；第二个是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个节目；第三个是关于汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。这样的一篇短文应该来源于网上。故选D。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
5．阅读理解
Roald Dahl was one of the most successful writers of children's books. He sold millions of books all over the world. Many of his books have been made into films and videos. He is so famous that there is even a Roald Dahl Museum you can visit.
Roald Dahl was born in 1916 in Wales, Britain. His father was rich but he died when Roald was very young. Roald and his mother lived a hard life. He had to leave school and went to Africa where he worked for an oil company.
In 1939, Roald became a pilot, but he had a bad accident. It made him limp（瘸的）for the rest of his life. After this, Roald went to America where he wrote a story about his experience as a pilot. It was so good that it was put in a magazine.
Roald married an American film star. They bought a house in England and had five children. From 1960 to 1965, ：Theo, one of his children, was hit by a taxi and was seriously hurt. Oliva, one of Roald's daughters, died of a strange illness. Soon after this, his wife also had a serious illness. It took her years to get completely better.
Gradually Roald became more and more successful. He always did his writing in an old shed（棚）at the back of his house. He always sat in the same old armchair with a wooden board on his lap.
\"One of the nice things about being a writer,\" he once said, \"is that all you need is what you've got in your head and a pencil and a bit of paper.\"
In 1983 Roald won a big prize for his book The BFG. During his life, Roald wrote many famous books, such as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Matilda, Fantastic Mr Fox.
After he died in 1990, Roald left money to help people with serious illness and those with problems with reading and writing.
（1）Roald Dahl was famous as a（n） .
A. doctor B. teacher C. actor D. writer （2）After Roald went to America, he .
A. lost his parents in a plane accident B. wrote a story about his pilot experience C. got married with an English film star D. won a big prize for his book Matilda （3）Which of the following is the best for the blank in Paragraph 4? A. they lived a happy life B. three terrible things happened C. he went on writing books D. he created some unlucky characters （4）What Roald said in Paragragh 6 mainly shows that . A. being a writer was a popular job at that time B. one needs to practise a lot if he wants to be a writer C. Roald loved writing very much and was talented in it D. though he was successful, Roald lived a simple life 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了罗尔德·达尔是最成功的儿童读物作家之一。他在全世界卖了几百万本书。他的许多书都被拍成了电影和录像带。
（1）细节题。根据Roald Dahl was one of the most successful writers of children's books.可知是成功的儿童读物作家之一，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据After this, Roald went to America where he wrote a story about his experience as a pilot.可知Roald去了美国后写了一部关于飞行员经历的故事，故选B。 （3）细节题。根据后文Theo, one of his children, was hit by a taxi and was seriously hurt. Oliva, one of Roald's daughters, died of a strange illness. Soon after this, his wife also had a serious illness. It took her years to get completely better.他的一个孩子西奥被出租车撞了，伤得很重。奥利瓦，罗尔德的一个女儿，死于一种奇怪的疾病。不久之后，他的妻子也得了重病。她花了很多年才完全康复，可知讲的是3个可怕的事情发生了，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据\"One of the nice things about being a writer,\" he once said, \"is that all you need is what you've got in your head and a pencil and a bit of paper.\"可知“作为一个作家的好处之一，”他曾经说，“就是你所需要的就是你脑子里的东西，一支铅笔和一张纸，即Roald非常喜欢写作，并且在写作方面有天赋，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
6．阅读理解
Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast？A short time ago, a test was given in the United States. People of different ages, from 12 to 83, were asked to have a test. During the test, these people were given all kinds of breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Scientists wanted to see how. Well their bodies worked when they had eaten different kinds of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats right breakfasts, he or she will work better than the person who has no breakfast. If a student has fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he or she will learn more quickly and listen more carefully.
The result is opposite to what some people think. Having no breakfast will not help you lose
weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch. They will gain weight instead of losing it. You will lose more weight if you reduce your other meals. （1）During the test, the people were given .
A. no breakfast at all B. different foods or nothing C. too much food D. little food for breakfast （2）The results show that . A. breakfast has a great effect on work and studies B. breakfast has little to do with a person's work
C. a person will work better if he or she only has fruit and milk D. girl students should have little for breakfast
（3）According to the passage, some people think that if you don't have breakfast you will .
A. be healthier B. work better C. lose weight D. lose your way （4）The underlined word \"reduce\" in the last sentence means\" \"in Chinese. A. 增加 B. 减少 C. 放弃 D. 享用 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文中通过一个调查，讲述了吃早饭对人们工作、身体状况的影响，以及合理吃早饭的好处。
（1）细节理解题。根据 During the test, these people were given all kinds of breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. 可知参加测试的人有时吃丰富的早饭，有时不吃早饭。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 文中第二段The results show that if a person eats right breakfasts, he or she will work better than the person who has no breakfast. If a student has fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he or she will learn more quickly and listen more carefully. 可知吃不吃早餐对人们的学习和工作影响很大，对身体状况影响也非常大，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。 根据第三段The result is opposite to what some people think. Having no breakfast will not help you lose weight. 可知一些人认为不吃早饭能减肥，故选C。 （4）词意猜测题。根据 lose more weight ，可知是减重，根据常识可知减重需要减少饭量，因此 reduce 的意思是减少，故选B。
【点评】本题考查阅读理解，考查了细节理解题和词意猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
Want to enjoy some extreme sports（极限运动）? Here are a small number of the extreme sport clubs across universities in the UK.
Octopush（水中曲棍球） Oxford, York. Aberdeen and Warwick are only some of the universities that offer this rather unusual sport. Anyone who is able to swim can play. It is played by two teams of six players. Skiing and snowboarding Nearly every university in the UK has a skiing and snowboarding club. For example, Brumski 8. Board Club of Birmingham University has run for 30 years and has about 500 members. They hold Christmas and Easter ski trips every year and take Everyone wears a mask and carries a small wooden stick. part in competitions. Skateboarding Warwick University is home to the Longboarding Club. A longboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboard and has a wider wheel base. Instead of offering club T-shirts, the Longboarding Club lets members have their personal socks. BASE jumping The University of Lincoln offers BASE jumping. In BASE jumping, players jump from fixed objects and use a parachute（降落伞） to break their fall. They go on weekly trips to Skydive Hibaldstow. _________________.
（1）If a student wants to take part in Octopush, he or she should be able to A. ski B. swim C. skate D. skydive （2）How many members are there in Brumski &. Board Club?
A. About 30. B. About 300. C. About 50. D. About 500. （3）A usual skateboard is _________________than a longboard.
A. shorter B. longer C. wider D. bigger （4）Which university offers BASE jumping?
A. Oxford. B. York. C. Lincoln. D. Warwick. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is the most common sport in UK universities?
A. Octopush. B. Snowboarding. C. Skateboarding. D. BASE jumping. 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）A （4）C （5）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国各大学的少数极限运动俱乐部。
（1）细节题。根据水中曲棍球的介绍 Anyone who is able to swim can play可知如果一个学生想参加水中曲棍球，他或她应该会游泳，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据 Brumski 8. Board Club of Birmingham University has run for 30 years and has about 500 members 布鲁姆斯基8和伯明翰大学董事会俱乐部已经运作了30年，可知大约有500名成员，故选D。
（3）推理题。根据 A longboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboard 长板比普通滑板长两到三英尺 可知普通的滑板比长板短，故选A。
（4）细节题。根据 The University of Lincoln offers BASE jumping 可知 Lincoln 提供基础跳跃，故选C。
（5）推理题。根据 They hold Christmas and Easter ski trips every year and take part in competitions 他们每年都举行圣诞节和复活节滑雪旅行，并参加比赛 可知滑雪板运动是英国大学最常见的运动 ， 故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
8．阅读理解
On 26 February, I got an email from my friend David, asking me to go to Tanzania to train their software engineers. The company is located in Dares Salam, a beautiful coastal city to the west of the Indian Ocean. I stayed for about two weeks in that city last time I was there. During my stay there, David took me to the nearby beach and we had a wonderful walk along the coast which had left a deep impression on me. I was impressed by the ocean water and the deep blue sky. After more than 19 hours of air travel, I was finally here at Dares Salaam Airport. The temperature here was high as usual- over 30 degrees. I felt short of breath because of the unbearable heat in this tiny hall. When I finally got my turn, I handed my passport to the officer in front of me, He had a close look at my passport. Then he asked the purpose of my stay, I told him I just wanted to travel here.
\"Where do you want to visit?\" he asked again. \"Dares Salsam.\"
\"What's your job?\" he asked. \"I'm a software engineer.
I will never forget this experience that I had. I still love this country. （1）Where did the writer go?
A. New Zealand. B. Nepal. C. India. D. Tanzania. （2）The writer stayed in the city for about ______ last time.
A. one week B. two weeks C. three weeks D. four weeks （3）The weather was ______ when the writer arrived at the airport.
A. snowy B. foggy C. sunny D. windy （4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The writer received an email from his friend David.
B. They took a walk along the coast. C. The writer flew to Dares Salaam,
D. The writer didn't like the journey because it was very hot. （5）What's the best title for the passage?
A. A famous company B. A trip to Tanzania C. Some customs in Tanzania D. A good friend of mine 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）C （4）D （5）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者受好朋友David的邀请去坦桑尼亚旅行。
（1）细节题。根据On 26 February, I got an email from my friend David, asking me to go to Tanzania to train their software engineers.可知作者受好朋友David的邀请去坦桑尼亚旅行，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据I stayed for about two weeks in that city last time I was there.可知作者待了大约2周，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据The temperature here was high as usual- over 30 degrees.可知温度在30度以上，所以天气是晴朗的，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据I will never forget this experience that I had. I still love this country.可知作者从不忘记这次经验，仍然喜欢这个国家，所以作者喜欢这次旅行，故选D。
（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了作者受好朋友David的邀请去坦桑尼亚旅行。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
9．阅读理解
The phenomenon （现象） of a bike rider getting hit by an opening car door is so common that it has its own term: dooring.
According to a study in Chicago, as many as 1 in 5 bike accidents are caused by car doors—in total, there is nearly one dooring each day in the Windy City （Chicago）.
Even when the bike riders try to turn to the other direction to escape from the opening doors, they can end up getting hit by cars.
Then how can we reduce such kind of accidents? Is there any practical way to solve that problem? Yes. It's the Dutch Reach, which has been popular on the Internet recently. The Dutch Reach is a practice where instead of using your near hand—usually the driver's left hand—to open your car door, you use your far hand—your right hand.
By doing that, you will turn your body around. And you turn your head and shoulders back, so you are looking directly out. First, pass the rearview mirror. And then, you are very easily able to look back and see if there are coming bicycles or cars or anything else. The simplicity of the
approach is part of its intelligence. （1）What is dooring? A. The opening of the car door.
B. The accidents caused by opening the car door. C. That bike riders are hit by opening car doors. D. The accidents that happened in the Windy City.
（2）__________ of bike accidents are caused by dooring according to the study. A. 1% B. 5% C. 20% D. 25% （3）Which hand do you use to open the door in the Dutch Reach? A. The left hand if I am the driver. B. The right hand if I am the driver. C. The right hand if I sit at the back. D. The right hand if I sit next to the driver. （4）What does the underlined phrase \"rearview mirror\" mean in Chinese?
A. 门把手 B. 雨刮器 C. 后视镜 D. 挡风玻璃 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：骑自行的人被打开的车门撞到是很普遍的现象，怎样避免这种状况的发生呢？
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The phenomenon （现象） of a bike rider getting hit by an opening car door is so common that it has its own term: dooring.理解可知，dooring就是骑自行车的人被汽车车门撞倒了，故选C。
（2）理解计算题。根据文中的语句According to a study in Chicago, as many as 1 in 5 bike accidents are caused by car doors—in total, there is nearly one dooring each day in the Windy City （Chicago）.理解可知，根据芝加哥的一项研究，多达五分之一的自行车事故是由车门引起的，也就是20%，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The Dutch Reach is a practice where instead of using your near hand—usually the driver's left hand—to open your car door, you use your far hand—your right hand.理解可知，在这种练习中，司机要用右手而不是左手去开门，故选B。 （4）词义推测题。根据文中的语句 First, pass the rearview mirror. And then, you are very easily able to look back and see if there are coming bicycles or cars or anything else. 理解可知，rearview mirror是后视镜的意思，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题及推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。
10．阅读理解
When doing his math homework, Lu Lifei, 14, from Jiangsu, came across a problem. He couldn't work it out. So he took out his cellphone and searched the problem. The answers soon appeared on the screen.
Nowadays, many students do homework with the help of the Internet like Lu. They search information online, use apps or discuss through social networks like QQ and WeChat. \"It's convenient. You don't have to wait, \" Lu said. \"You also learn by watching how others work them out.\" \"It also improves students' abilities, \"said Wang Shiying, 15, from Shanghai. \"And it's especially true for new types of homework.\"
Wang's Chinese teacher often asks students to give speeches on great writers. When it comes to Wang's turn, she usually searches online, learns about certain stories and makes slides（幻灯片）by herself. \"I've become good at finding information online and using Microsoft Office, \"Wang said.
However, this trend（趋势）also brings up problems. Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy. Huang Pengxiang, a head teacher from Shanxi said that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control. \"No matter how difficult the problem is, think about it independently first, \"Huang said. \"Be sure to understand the reasons behind the answers, or you won't make progress. If you're not confident about your self-control, ask your parents for help.\"
（1）Lu Lifei worked out his math problem by _________.
A. searching on the cellphone B. getting help from his classmate C. asking his teacher for help D. thinking by himself （2）The underlined word \"It\" in Paragraph 2 refers to _________.
A. using QQ to help with homework B. doing homework with the help of the Internet C. using WeChat to help with homework D. doing homework with the help of the apps （3）According to the last paragraph, Huang Pengxiang thinks the key to using the Internet is _________.
A. to have enough time B. to have enough money C. to have good self-control D. to have great interest （4）Which of the following shows the writer's opinion? A. Lu Lifei uses the cellphone to search the problem. B. Wang Shiying often finds information online. C. Wang's teacher often asks students to give speeches.
D. This trend also brings up problems and makes students become lazy. 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）C （4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：如今，许多学生都像陆一样借助互联网做家庭作业。这位学生代乐乐极大的方便，但是也随之产生了一些问题，学生只看答案，而不求理解，这样就不会去思考，会变得越来越懒惰。
（1）细节理解题，根据 He couldn't work it out. So he took out his cellphone and searched the problem. 可知他用手机搜索答案，故答案是A。
（2）词义指代题，根据前面的叙述可知it指代的是借助收集在网上搜寻答案的事，故答案是B。
（3）细节理解题，根据 Huang Pengxiang, a head teacher from Shanxi said that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control. 可知，他认为使用网络的关键是有了好的自我控制力，故答案是C。
（4）细节理解题，根据 However, this trend（趋势）also brings up problems. Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy. 可知，作者的观点是这种趋势也带来了问题，让学生变得懒惰，故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和词义指代题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义指代题需要结合语境理解语境内容，确定代词指代的是什么。
11．阅读理解
In your school, are you allowed to choose the subjects you want to learn? Of course, the answer is \"No\" here in China.
In America there is a school trying something new. At a high school in Florida, students will be able to choose their own classes. We all know that some students are better at some subjects than others. Some students plan to go on to college, while others do not. At this school students are able to find subjects they are interested in, and possibly even find the field（领域）they would like to go into after finishing school. They are allowed to choose a subject like biology, math, a foreign language, or study skills like car repair（修理）.
Some people think this is a good idea, because it helps students think about what they want to do in the future, and the school helps to give them the knowledge and skills needed to get there. They say that giving the students the chance to choose their own classes makes high school more interesting. Others disagree. They think it will make it difficult for students to discover different possibilities（潜力）.They point out that fourteen-year-old teenagers are too young to know what they want to do in the future.
What do you think? Would you like to be able to choose your own classes? Many useful changes have been made in education, but seeing the differences in each student is also important. How can we help each student become a better student?
（1）Some people think allowing students to choose their own classes helps them _________. A. show how smart they are B. know differences between them C. prepare for their futures D. know their duties in life
（2）Some people don't agree students should choose their own classes because they think _________.
A. some students are too nervous to make a right decision B. some students shouldn't be workers in the future C. some students care little about their own futures
D. some students aren't old enough to know what they want to do in the future （3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. All the high schools in Florida give the students the chance to choose their own classes. B. All the people think allowing students to choose their classes can help them find their own
possibilities.
C. The school in Florida helps students by giving the knowledge and skills they will need. D. In the writer's opinion, it's not important to see the differences in each student in school education.
（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Chinese education B. A new way of education C. To change our education D. To improve learning skills 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美国的教育现象，学生可以自己选择学习科目，而在中国不能，有人认为这种制度好也有人认为不好。
（1）细节理解题，根据Some people think this is a good idea, because it helps students think about what they want to do in the future,可知允许学生选课可以帮着孩子们为未来做准备，故答案是C。
（2）细节理解题，根据 They point out that fourteen-year-old teenagers are too young to know what they want to do in the future 可知，不同意的人认为，孩子们太小不知道他们未来想做什么，故答案是D。
（3）正误判断题，根据 At this school students are able to find subjects they are interested in, and possibly even find the field（领域）they would like to go into after finishing school. They are allowed to choose a subject like biology, math, a foreign language, or study skills like car repair（修理）. 可知，佛罗里达的这所学校既让学生们学习知识，也让学生们学到技能，故答案是C。
（4）标题判断题，根据文章内容可知，文章介绍了美国的教育方式，B选项最接近短文中心思想，故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、正误判断题和标题判断题几种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；正误判断题也属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容进行正误判定；标题判断题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，最后凝练句式获取答案。
12．阅读理解
A small robot may help children who are ill in hospital or at home. These children may feel lonely without their friends or classmates. The robot takes their places at school. Through the
robot, the children can hear their teachers and friends.
The robot is called AV1. A Norwegian company called No Isolation created the robot. Dolva explains how the robot AV1 works. She says from home, children use a tablet or phone to start the robot. Then they use the same device to control the robot's movements. At school, the robot becomes their eyes, ears and voice.
\"So, it sits at the child's desk in the classroom and the child uses a tablet or a phone to start it and control its movements and talks through it. So it's the eyes, the ears and the voice at school.\" The robot is equipped with speakers, microphones and cameras that make communication easy. AV1 is large and looks like a human for a reason. Dolva says this is important because the robot is supposed to be a friend of the children. \"It can't be just a tiny camera because the other kids can't pick it up and take it with them. This is supposed to be their friend.\" And robots are, quite simply, cool. Hopefully AV1 will help some children feel less lonely while they are not in class. （1）The children can do the following things EXCEPT __________ through the robot. A. hearing the teachers B. talking with their friends C. doing their homework D. listening to music
（2）The underlined phrase \"is equipped with\" in Paragraph 3 has the same meaning as\"__________\".
A. repairs B. has C. enjoys D. plays （3）What's the best title for the passage? A. A new robot helps children feel less lonely B. How to make yourself feel less lonely C. A Norwegian company D. How to use a robot 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了挪威一家名为“无隔离”的公司发明的叫AV1机器人。他它可以帮助医院里生病的孩子，免除孩子们的孤独。
（1）细节理解题，根据文章内容可知，孩子们可以用这个机器人听音乐，跟朋友谈话，听老师说话，但是不能做作业，故答案是C。
（2）词义猜测题， is equipped with 是被用……装备的意思，因此它就具有了这些东西，因此是拥有的意思，，故答案是B。
（3）标题判断题，根据文章内容可知，本文介绍了一种帮孩子们减少孤独的机器人，故答案是A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和标题判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要结合具体语境，推出未知单词的意思；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章中心，凝练句式得出结论。
13．阅读理解
Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some ways. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.
In Western countries, people usually celebrate New Year from midnight on December 31st to January 1st, People may go to parties, sometimes dressed in formal（正式的）clothes, and they may drink champagne（香槟） at midnight. During the first minute of the new year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead, But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise.
Many cultures also do special things to get rid of（摆脱）bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes, The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh（重新）. Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year.
Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck in the new year. One widespread Spanish tradition for good luck is to eat grapes on New Year's Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck he will have in the new year. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck on New Year's Day. In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them! （1）The passage is mainly about____________.
A. the meaning of \"Happy New Year! B. several different New Year traditions C. what to eat on New Year's Day D. why people dress up nicely on New Year's Day （2）It's clear that____________. A. some cultures celebrate New Year in the morning
B. the Western people celebrate New Year only on New Year's Day C. people in Ecuador go to parties from December 31st to January 1st D. no cultures do special things to celebrate New Year （3）To have a happy new year, ____________. A. friends talk to each other in special ways B. families make big dolls filled with old clothes C. some people get up early to watch the sunrise D. Europeans eat 365 grapes on New Year's Day
（4）When eating black- eyed peas on New Year's Day, people think____________. A. one pea brings one day of luck B. black- eyed peas are the best medicine C. the peas are too black and taste bad D. the peas are helpful to count numbers 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C （4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了西方国家不同的庆祝新年的方式，
（1）主旨大意题，通过阅读全文可知，短文主要介绍了不同国家不同的新年庆祝方式，故答案是B。
（2）细节理解题，根据 But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. 可知，一些国家喜欢在早晨庆祝新年，故答案是A。 （3）细节理解题，根据 But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise. 可知，为了过一个快乐的新年，人们要早起看日出，故答案是C。
（4）细节理解题，根据 In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them!可知人们认为吃一颗黑豆会带来一天的好运，故答案是A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
14．阅读理解
Public holidays in the United States
Dates January 1 Official Names Remarks New Year's It celebrates the beginning of the year. Festivities include Day counting down to midnight on the preceding night, New Year's Eve, even with fire-work display and party. Last Monday Memorial Day It honors the nation's war dead from the Civil War onwards, and marks the beginning of the summer season. July 4 Independence It celebrates the signing of the Declaration of Independence（独Day 立宣言） from British rule, also called the Fourth Day of July. Firework celebrations are held in many cities throughout the nation. First Monday in September Second Monday in October Labor Day It celebrates the achievements of workers and the labor movement；marks the unofficial（非官方的） end of the summer season. Columbus Day It honors Columbus, traditional discoverer of the Americas. In some areas it is Second, also a celebration of Italian culture.（Traditionally October 12）.In some states, it is celebrated as\"Indigenous（土生土长的）People's Day\"as a celebration of the Native Americans, not Columbus. Fourth Thursday in November A. on May 30
Thanks-giving Traditionally it celebrates the giving of thanks for the autumn Day harvest. raditionally it includes the sharing of a turkey dinner. Traditional start of the Christmas and holiday season. （1）Memorial Day is . B. to honor the Givil War C. on last Monday in May D. at the end of the summer season
（2）Which day is to honor the discoverer of the Americas?
A. Labor Day. B. Columbus Day. C. Thanksgiving Day. D. Independence Day. （3）Traditionally Thanksgiving Day is a day of thanking for .
A. parents B. god C. the autumn D. the autumn harvest （4）Which holiday is in September?
A. Memorial Day. B. Columbus Day. C. Labor Day. D. Independence Day. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了几个美国节日 。
（1）推理题。根据 Last Monday 和 and marks the beginning of the summer season. 可知纪念日在5月份最后一个周一，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据 It honors Columbus, traditional discoverer of the Americas. 可知哥伦布日向美洲的发现者致敬，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据 Traditionally it celebrates the giving of thanks for the autumn harvest. 可知，传统上，它庆祝对秋收的感谢，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据 First Monday in September 可知劳工节在九月的第一个星期一 ，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
15．阅读理解
Hundreds of foreigners got together in a small neighborhood in Qingdao on the afternoon of April 20 because of the Neighbor Day, an 18-day event celebrated across Qingdao. They learned the arts of Chinese handwriting, dumpling making, paper cutting, and discovered the culture of Chinese family trees.
The festival started 12 years ago after a 10-year-old girl called Sun Ruihan was refused when paying a New Year's visit to her neighbor. Upset by this incident, she wrote to the Shibei district government of Qingdao, suggesting that they should introduce a \"Neighbor Day\" to encourage greater spirit.
As the birthplace of the festival, Shibei hosted the opening ceremony of this year's Neighbor Day on April 19. With the theme of\" ▲ heir homemade food and discuss the family stories. They also set up a mobile neighbors' library to share books.
Sarah from the United States said she had a great time with her neighbors as she experienced the art of Chinese paper cutting for the first time. Masha from Russia, who is studying Chinese at the Ocean University of China, described the event as a great chance to make friends with her Chinese neighbors and learn about the local culture with them. She tried her best at Chinese handwriting and also had great fun learning how to make dumplings. \"I love eating dumplings but I never knew how to make them before, \"she said.\" Now I can come to my neighbors' homes and learn in their kitchens.\"
Neighbor Day grew from the needs of the people. With the big support from the government, it has become another culture symbol of Qingdao. （1）Neighbor Day in Qingdao is a festival to .
A. welcome foreigners to Qingdao B. learn different western cultures C. make friends with neighbors D. help neighbors out of trouble
（2）The underlined word \"incident\" in Paragraph 2 probably means in Chinese. A. 事件 B. 行动 C. 过程 D. 意外 （3）Which of the following can be best put into the blank\" ▲ \"? A. Foreigners as friends B. Neighbors as family C. Living with foreigners D. Working with neighbors
（4）Which of the following shows the right structure of the passage?（P=Paragraph）
A. B. C. D.
【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了青岛的邻居节。
（1）推理题。根据 described the event as a great chance to make friends with her Chinese neighbors 可知邻居节是为了和邻居交朋友，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据 Sun Ruihan was refused when paying a New Year's visit to her neighbor. Upset by this incident, she wrote to......可知incident是事件的意思，故选A。 （3）推理题。根据 people from across the city got together to share their homemade food and discuss the family stories. 来自全市各地的人们聚在一起分享他们自制的食物和谈论家庭故事，可知Neighbors as family把邻居当做家人，适合作为活动主题 ，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据全文描述可知，文章的五段以第一段是提出这个节日，2,3,4段描述节日，第五段总结，故正确结构的是C，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
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