(完整word版)外研版小学英语语法总复
习知识点归纳
外研版小学英语语法总复知识点归纳 一、时态 1.一般现在时
(1)表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用“usually通常,often常常,every…每…。sometimes有时，always总是,”等词。
(2)基本结构:
主语I / You / We / They /He / She / It
肯定句：主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式 否定句：主语+don’t + 动词原形或者doesn’t + 动原 一般疑问句(Yes/No) Do…。Yes。I do.No,I don’t. Does…(动词原形)…?Yes,he/she does。No,he/she doesn’t.特殊疑问句What do …。How does she…(动词原形)…?
(3)动词第三人称单数方式(同名词单数酿成复数办法不异) 1．普通情形+s如:walk-walks 2.辅音字母+y结尾去y +ies fly-flies 3.结尾是s。x，sh。ch +es watch-watches
4.结尾是0 +es do-does。go-goes 5.特殊have-has 2．现在进行时
(1)表示正在发生的动作，通常用“now现在。look看，XXX听”.
(2)根本方式: be +动词-ing eg: I am(not) XXX.
You/We/They are(not) reading。He/She/It is(not) eating. What are you doing。Is he reading? (3)动词的目前分词方式(动词+ing) 普通情形+ing walk—walking
末端是不发音的e-e+ingcome—coming重读闭音节双写末了一个字母+ingswim-swimming。run-running
3.一般过去时
(1)表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用“last …上一个…。just now刚才,many years ago许多年前，XXX昨天”等词。
(2) be动词的曩昔式: am/is—was。are—were (3)曩昔式根本布局 一定句：主语+动词曩昔式 I went shopping last night.
否认句：主语+ XXX’t + 动词 I didn’t go shopping last night. 普通疑问句(Yes/No) Did …+ 动词…? Did you go shopping last night?
特殊疑问句(wh-) What did…+ 动词原形…? What did you do last night? (4)动词过去式的变化: 规则动词的变化:
(1)一般动词+ed。planted,watered,climbed (2)以不发音的e结尾+d。liked。tied
(3)子音字母加y末端-y+ ied。study—studied。cry- cried (4)重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+ed
plan–planned。stop–stopped 不划定规矩动词的变革:
曩昔式曩昔式曩昔式 am /is。was。are。were。go。went do。did。find。found。buy。bought
eat。ate。feel。felt。drink。drankteach。taught。take。took。read。readgive。gave。have。had。put。putsing。sang。drive drove。meet。metcut。cut。begin。began。make。madelet。let。ring。rang。write。wrotesee。saw。run。ran。ride。rodecome。came。draw。drew。sit。sattell。told。learn。learnt。get。gotcarry。carried。study。studied
4.一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与XXX。nextSunday等时间状语连用。
布局:be going to +动词或will +动词 例如:I’m XXX. 二、人称代词
主格I。we。you。he。she。it。they 宾格me。us。you。him。her。it。them
形容词性物主代词my。our。your。his。her。its。their名词性物主代词mine。ours。yours。his。hers。its。theris(注:介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。)三、可数名词的复数形式
1.一般名词: + s。book–books
2.辅音字母加y结尾: - y+ ies。story—stories
3.以s。x，sh。ch，末端: + es。glass—glasses。a watch-watches
以o结尾:1)有生命的+es。potato-potatoes 2)无生命的+s。photo-photoes
4.以f或fe末端: - f或fe酿成ves knife–knives。shelf-shelves
5.非凡的名词复数:
man-men。woman-women。policeman-policemen。policewoman-policewomen,
mouse-mice。child-children foot-feet。XXX
fish-fish。people-people。Chinese-Chinese, 4、不成数名词(没有复数方式)
bread。rice。water。juice，milk，XXX，coffee 5、缩略方式
I’m = I amyou’re = you areshe’s = she ishe’s = he is hasn’t = he has(got)it’s = it iswho’s =who is can’t =can notisn’t=is notdidn’t=did not XXX I’ll=I will
六、a。an。the的用法
1.单词的第一读音是XXX读音:a book。a XXX，a “U” 单词的第一个读音是元音读音:an egg，an hour，an “F” 2.XXX要注意的:球类前面不加the，play football 乐器前面要加the，play the piano 序数词前面要加the。the second 7、介词
1.透露表现方位:on。in。in front of。between。next to。near。beside。at,behind。under
2.表示时间:
(1)at :几点前面用at如:at six o’clock。没有day的节日前用at如:atChristmas,固定词组at the weekends，XXX
(2)on:用于礼拜，日期，某一天的上午、下战书、早晨(指详细的某一天时)
on Sunday在星期天on XXX在星期天的上午on March 8在3月8日;带有Day的节日前用on如: on National Day
(3)in:清晨，正午，早晨前用 1999 八、基数词变成序数词的方法
1.直接在基数词词尾加上th。如:XXX，XXX第十，XXX第十三，2.以y结尾的基数词，变y为i，再加上eth。如:XXX第二十。
3.不划定规矩的。如:first第一,second第二，third第三，fifth第五，XXX，XXX，XXX。
4.有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最后一个单词如twenty-first第二十一。九、some /any的用法
1.肯定句中用some:I have XXX.
2.问句和否定句中用any:Do you have any brothers or sisters? He hasn’t got any pencils in his pencil-case. 3.讯问想要甚么时用 you like some juice? Can I have some stamps? 十、there be结构
1.肯定句(有…): There is +单数或不可数名词 There are +复数
注:遵循就近原则，看靠there be最近的
2.普通疑问句(有…吗,):Is there …。Yes。there is./ No。there isn’t.
Are there…。Yes。there are。/No。there aren’t. 3.否定句(没有): There isn’t …。There aren’t….
4.there be句型与have(has)的区别:there be表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人拥有某物。
十一、祈使句 XXX. XXX。please. XXX.
(注:祈使句中动词用原形) 十二、(情态)动词
can。may。must。should。will后面直接用动词原形。 1.I / He / She / They can sing. May I XXX? I must go now.
2.You should be quiet in the library。3.You’ll be goodfriends. 十4、非凡疑问句
1.What什么(问什么事,什么物或什么工作等) What are you doing。I’m reading. What did you do yesterday。XXX.
What are you going to do。I’m going to do homework. What is that?It’s a book.
What does he/she do?She’s a nurse.
What timeis it?It’s seven. 2.XXX问颜色
What colour is your coat。It’s red. 3.when什么时候
When do you get up。I get up at six thirty.
When is your birthday。It’s on the 21st of December. 4.Which哪个
Which is your watch。the yellow one or the white one? The yellow is XXX. 5.Who谁
Who is the man with a big nose。He’s my uncle. 6.Whose谁的
Whose bag is it。It’s his bag. 7.Where哪里
Where is mypen。It’s under the book. 8.Why为什么
Why do you like summer?Because… 9.How many几何
How many books are there in the school bag? There are four books in the school bag.
10.How old几岁
How old is the young man。He’s XXX. 11.How much几何钱
How much is the toy bear。It’s XXX. 12.How怎么样（XXX？）
How do you go to school everyday。I go to school by car. How long is the river。It’s 10 miles long. 十五.已经学过的动词