第一单元
1.我们的计算机系统出了毛病，但我觉得问题比较小。(minor) We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it's fairly minor.
1.父亲去世时我还小，不能生活。就在那时，家乡的父老接过
了养育我（my upbringing）的责任。(at that point)
My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point.
3这些玩具必得在达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童。(requirement)
. The toys have to meet strict/tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.
4.作为新闻和的载体（carrier），广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。(supplement, rather than)
Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.
5.至于这本杂志，它刊载世界各地许多报章杂志上文章的摘要。(digest, when it comes to ...)
When it comes to this magazine, it is/carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world. 十年之前，南希做了许许多多美国人梦寐以求的事。她辞去了经理职
位，在邻近地区开了一家家用器具商店。像南希那样的人作出这种决定主要是想改善生活质量。
然而，经营小本生意绝非易事。在失去稳定的收入后，南希不得不削减日常开支。有时候她甚至没有钱支付她所需要的种种保险的费用。
幸运的是，通过自己的努力，她已经度过了最困难的时期。她决心继续追求她所向往的更加美好的生活。
A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened / set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.
But, to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed.
Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.
B课文
1. What? You say that doesn't sound like life in your house? Well, you're not alone. In fact, you're probably in the majority.
什么？你说那听起来不像你府上的生活？其实，不仅仅是你一个人这么想。事实上，大多数人可能都跟你一样这么想的。
2.Leave it to Beaver, for example, shows Mom doing housework
in pearls and high heels. Dad keeps his suit and tie on all weekend.
例如，《交给比弗吧》一剧中妈妈戴着珍珠项链、穿着高跟鞋做家务。爸爸整个周末都穿着西装，系着领带。
3.If there's nothing good on network TV or cable, the video store offers the best and worst of Hollywood: recent movies, cartoons, \"adult\" films, exercise programs, travel, sports, how-to tapes.
要是电视网或有线电视没有中意的节目，录像制品商店可以提供
好莱坞制作的品质迥异的各种节目：新近发行的电影、动画片、“成人”电影、体育锻炼节目、旅游、体育及入门指南录像带。
4.Nowadays, Dad might want to rent an action movie when Mom's
cable shopping service is on. Or Junior is playing a let's-blow-up-Saturn video game while Sis wants to see The Simpsons.
如今，妈妈在看她的有线电视销售服务节目的时候，爸爸可能想租一部动作片。而在姐姐想看《辛普森一家》时，弟弟妹妹却在玩《让我们炸毁土星》的电子游戏。
第二单元 A课文翻译
1.虽然受到全球金融危机后果的巨大影响，但是我们仍然相信我们
能够面对挑战，克服危机。(confident)
Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis.
2.在持续不断的沙尘暴的威胁下，我们被迫离开我们喜爱的村庄， 搬迁到新的地方。(threat, compel, settlement)
Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement.
3.根据最近的网上调查，许多消费者说他们也许会有兴趣考虑购买
电视广告中播放的产品。(motivate)
According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials.
4.看到卡车司机把受污染的废弃物（contaminated waste）倒在河
边，老人马上向警方报告。(spot, alongside)
Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once.
5.一些科学家坚信人们总有一天会喜欢转基因农作物（genetically
modified crops）的，因为它们能够提高产量，帮助发展中国家战胜饥荒和疾病。(conviction, come to ...)
Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can
increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world.
亨森获得自由后不久就一心帮助逃亡奴隶。他几次偷偷地从加拿大回到美国帮
助其他奴隶通过地下铁路获得自由。有一次在逃跑时，亨森和几个逃跑的奴隶被捕捉奴隶的人包围。他将逃跑的奴隶乔装打扮一番，成功地躲避了追捕。后来他在加拿大的得累斯顿为逃跑的奴隶建造了一个居住小区，并建了教堂和学校。他坚信奴隶制终将被废除，种族歧视消失的那天一定会到来。
Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help
others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a small settlement in Dresden, Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.
B课文
1.This act of peaceful disobedience started protests in
Montgomery that eventually led to legal changes in minority rights, ushering in a new era of the civil rights movement in the United States.
这一和平的不服从行为在蒙哥马利引发了，最终使少数民族权利
在法律上发生了变化，开创了美国民权运动的新时代。
2.She explained later that this seemed to be the place for her to stop being pushed around and to find out what human rights she had, if any.
后来她解释说，这儿似乎是她结束受人摆布、弄清如果有的话她究竟有何的地方。
3.But black groups in Montgomery considered her to be the right
citizen around whom to build a protest because she was one of the finest citizens of the city.
但是，蒙哥马利的黑人团体认为应该团结在她周围组织活动，她是适合担此重任的公民，因为她是该市最优秀的公民之一。
4.He said: \"There are very few people who can say their actions
and conduct changed the face of the nation.
他说：“只有极少人能说自己的行动和行为改变了国家的面貌。罗莎·帕克斯就是那些人中的一个。”
在二十世纪六十年代以前，美国许多地方的黑人不能和白人享有一样的民权。罗莎·帕克斯是千百万美国黑人争取自由的代表。1955年12月1日，她的和平的不服从行为在蒙哥马利引发了，最终使少数民族权利在法律上发生了变化，开创了美国民权运动的新时代。罗莎·帕克斯曾经和马丁·路德·金在南部发起了非暴力运动。那个运动永久改变了美国的状况。多年来，罗莎·帕克斯一直为全国有色人种协进会工作，出现在民权运动各种场合。她是个文
静的女人，经常看上去对自己的名望感到不安。众议院议员科尼
尔斯曾谈及这位温和而又坚强的女性时说：“只有极少人能说自己的行动和行为改变了国家的面貌。罗莎·帕克斯就是那些人中的一个。”Until the1960s, black people in many parts of the United States did not have the same civil rights as white people. Rosa Parks is the representative of millions of African-Americans striking for freedom. On December 1, 1955, her act of peaceful disobedience started protests in Montgomery that eventually led to legal changes in minority rights, ushering in a new era of the civil rights movement in the United States. Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King had ever started a movement of non-violent protest in the South, which changed civil rights in the United States forever. Through the years, Rosa Parks continued to work for the NAACP and appeared at civil rights events. She was a quiet woman and often seemed uneasy with her fame. When talking about this woman of quiet strength, Representative Conyers said: \"There are very few people who can say their actions and conduct changed the face of the nation. Rosa Parks is one of those individuals.\"
第三单元 A课文
1.无论是在城市还是在农村，因特网正在改变人们的生活方式。 (urban, rural)
The Internet is changing the way people live, no matter whether they are in urban or rural areas.
2.和大公司相比，中小公司更容易受到全球经济危机的威胁。 (medium, vulnerable)
Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones.
3.关于期末论文，教授要求我们先分析失业图表，然后对国家的经
济发展提供批评性的见解。(analyze, chart, reflection)
With regard to our term papers, the professor asked us to analyze the chart of unemployment first, and then provide critical reflections on the nation's economic development. 4.他从来也没有想到他们队会以大比分赢得那场篮球赛。(by a
large margin, it occurs to ...)
It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.
5.回顾二十年的中学教学，我把我的成功归结为耐心、才能、和对
知识的不断追求。(look back on)
Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attributed my success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge.
人们几乎无法将蓄意行窃的盗贼拒之门外。所能做的只是设法阻拦他片刻，从而使其暴露在巡警（police patrol）面前。常识告诉我们，光照是犯罪行为的障碍物。家门口必须安装一盏灯，并在晚间开着。如果你碰巧是最晚一个回家，别只关门而不上锁。如果你决定购买精密的电子报警系统，别忘了索要报警器的标志，并把它们张贴在窗户和门上。此外，你还可以将报警系统连接到警署。
It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes, thus exposing him to police patrols. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make sure/Assure yourself that you don't leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in. If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.
B课文
1.Today, I am typical of the women whom gun manufacturers have
been aiming at as potential Buyers — and one of the millions who have taken the plunge
时至今日，我成了一个典型的被支制造商视为其潜在买主的那种女人——成了成千上万个采取这种行动的人中的一员。
2.His alleged crimes were so brutal, his desire to inflict pain so intense, that I began to question my beliefs about not taking human life under any circumstances.
据称他的犯罪行为非常残忍，他加害于人的欲望非常强烈，这使我开始对自己在任何情况下不杀人的信念产生了怀疑。
3.I realized that the one-sided pacifism I once so strongly had advocated could backfire on me and worse, on my son. Reluctantly, I concluded that I had to insure the best option for our survival.
我意识到，自己曾经积极提倡的一厢情愿的和平主义会危害自身，更糟的是，会危害我的儿子。于是我极不情愿地认定：为了我们的生存，我必须确保有一个最佳选择方案。
4.I wrapped my finger around the trigger and finally squeezed
it, simultaneously accepting the intruder's death at my own hand and the relief of not being a victim.
我手指扣住扳机，最后用力一扣，在亲手结束了侵入者生命的同时也庆幸自己没有成为牺牲品。
在美国，很多人为了自卫而买，另外一些人则拒绝这么做。盖尔·巴卡尔特的中上层社会背景与支毫无关联。她是一个和平主义者，她认为支带来的问题比它所能解决的问题更大。但是后来她屡次面临威胁，或是被人尾随至家，或是居住区有强奸犯、杀人犯等，她不得
不改变初衷，依靠支来自卫。但有了支后，却又噩梦连连。她从来没有像在买一事上反复考虑某种行为造成的后果。当然，她也从来没做过后果如此严重的事情。
Many people in America buy guns for self-defense while others refuse to do so. Gail Buchalter's upper-middle-class background never involved guns. She is a pacifist who holds the opinion that guns cause more problems than they solve. However, later she has been faced with dangers and threats on several occasions: tailed by others when going home or there being rapists or killers in her communities. She had to change her original pacifist belief and bought a gun for self-defense. But guns gave her nightmares. She never has weighed the consequences of an act as strongly as she has that of buying a gun. Of course, she never has done anything with such deadly consequences.
第四单元 A课文
1.红十字会派遣的志愿人员非常小心地对村里的饮用水进行消毒 (disinfect)，以避免爆发瘟疫。(outbreak, caution)
The volunteers sent / assigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague.
2.爱因斯坦用了多年时间试图把电磁学理论和引力理论结合起来， 但没有成功。(unify)
Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but failed.
3.因其在激发学生创造性想象力方面的出色表现，王教授获得了校
长奖。(stimulate, imagination)
Professor Wang received / won the Presidential Award for his
excellence in stimulating students' creative imagination. 4.因存在一些设计上的（design）重大缺陷，董事会没有同意那个
经济刺激计划（stimulus package）。(approve of, flaw) As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn't approve of the economic stimulus package.
5.乔丹（Jordan）意识到没人能给他帮助，终于得出结论他必须面
对现实，独自接受挑战。(come to a conclusion, reality) Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up / meet the challenge by himself.
2005年最不寻常的事也许是联合国宣布这一年为世界物理学年。这一年是爱因斯坦发表相对论100周年，也是他去世50周年。1905年，爱因斯坦发表了五篇科学史上非常重要的论文，从而使物理学发生了突破性进展。他的伟大成就可归之于他令人惊叹的想像力、不断的质
疑和对权威的漠视。毫无疑问，爱因斯坦是20世纪最伟大的科学家。What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the United Nations declared it \"The World Year of Physics\". It was the 100th anniversary of Einstein's theory of relativity and the 50th anniversary of his death. In 1905 Einstein published five highly important essays in the history of science, thus revolutionizing physics. His great achievements can be credited to his impressive powers of imagination, constant questioning, and not giving a fig for authority. It is beyond doubt that Einstein was the greatest scientist in the 20th century.
B课文
1.His hair poking out from a wide-brimmed black hat, Einstein
surreptitiously disembarked onto the tug, which ferried him
and his party to lower Manhattan, where a car would whisk them to Princeton
爱因斯坦头戴宽边黑帽，里面的头发露了出来。他秘密登上拖船，和随行人员一起摆渡到下曼哈顿，从那里一辆汽车将飞快将他送到普林斯顿。
2.Einstein, however, was no Einstein when he was a child 但是，小时候的爱因斯坦并不是那个聪颖的爱因斯坦。
3.\"We never cease to stand like curious children before the great mystery into which we were born.\"
.“在我们出生的神秘世界面前，我们永远表现得像充满好奇心的孩子。”
4.By spring 1921, his exploding global fame led to a grand two-month visit to the United States, where he received so warm a welcome that he would evoke mass frenzy wherever he went.
到1921年春天，他在全世界迅速传扬的名望促成了他为期两个月的隆重的美国之行。他受到了非常热烈的欢迎，无论走到哪里，总会引发大众的狂热。
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦到达美国时，他秘密登上拖船和随行人员坐车来到普林斯顿没有接受官方人员的欢迎仪式。他喜欢美国，尽管存在财富不均现象和种族间不公正行为，和欧洲相比，美国更是精英领导的国家。爱因斯坦并非一直都是那么聪明，他小时候，父母曾因为他学说话慢而咨询医生，他的保姆管他叫傻瓜，他的老师甚至声称他永远不会有多大出息。但是，“坚持不懈和顽强是他性格的一部分，”他妹妹说道，“他成功时总是乐不可支。”爱因斯坦热爱美国，深知自由和个人主义促使它生机勃勃。 1940年，他入了美国籍，自豪地称自己为美国人。在人们心中，他是一个平易近人的教授，有时心不在焉，可是总是和蔼可亲。
When Albert Einstein arrived in America, he surreptitiously disembarked onto the tug, and then was ferried and whisked
to Princeton by a car instead of enjoying the official greeting. He liked America, despite its inequalities of wealth and racial injustices, was more of a meritocracy than Europe. Einstein was not always an Einstein. His parents consulted a doctor for his slow in learning to talk when he was a child. And his nursemaid dubbed him the dopey one. His teacher even declared he would never amount to much. However, \"Persistence and tenacity were part of his character,\" his sister remarked. \"And whenever Einstein triumphed, he was overcome with happiness.\" Einstein loved America, appreciating that its bursts of exuberance were the result of freedom and individualism. In 1940, he was a naturalized citizen, proud to call himself an American. In people's mind, he was a kindly professor, distracted at times but unfailingly sweet.
第五单元
1.奶奶想当然地认为粮价要涨，所以买了许多大米。(take sth. for granted)
Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice.
2.我可以给你引用几个例子来说明她献身科学的精神。(quote, instance)
I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science 3.20世纪80年代中国一些经济特区（zone）开始迅速发展起来。(see,
swift)
The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.
4.两国关系的紧张部分是由最近的间谍事件（spy affair）引起的。 (in part)
Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.
5.彼得已在一家律师事务所（law firm）当了多年律师。你可考虑 请他做你的律师，当你需要法律援助时，由他代你行事。(on sb.'s behalf）
Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.
在感恩节的气氛中，乔治沉浸于阅读他父亲留给他的日记。他的父亲在连续两次完成环球旅行后在海上去世。这份日记使他回忆起自己与父亲一起度过的每一刻以及父亲为他所做的许多具体事情。乔治的父亲过去经常向他强调必须经历各种艰难困苦去追求卓越（excellence）。即使今天，他依然记得父亲如何引用“懂得感激是高尚者的标志”这句伊索（Aesop）名言来教导他要把懂得感激放在最重要的位置。
Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. The diary brought back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf. George's father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop's famous saying \"Gratitude is the sign of noble souls\" and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.
B课文
1.And in a follow-up study, those who found something to appreciate every day were less materialistic — less apt to see a connection between life satisfaction and material things.
后续的研究发现，那些每天都能找到感激之事的人较少追求物质享受——他们不大会把生活的满意度与物质财富联系起来。
2.The power of gratitude takes just a few minutes a day. But
it requires consistency and an open mind — and dedication 每天只需花几分钟工夫，感恩就会产生力量。但是它需要始终不渝、心胸开阔以及奉献精神。
3.The gratitude journal makes you look at life in a positive, concrete way, reminding you of its interconnectedness in a fast-paced, impersonal world and how much others add to the quality of your life.
感恩日记使你以积极而又具体的方式看待生活，提醒你关注在这个快节奏的、冷漠的世界里生活的相互联系，以及他人在多大程度上提升了你的生活质量。
4.In a world where personal connections seem increasingly limited, and sometimes stressful when they do occur, gratitude resonates
在人际联系显得越来越少而且有时非常紧张的当今世界，感恩之情会激起回响。
在感恩节的气氛中，乔治沉浸于阅读他父亲留给他的日记。他的父亲在连续两次完成环球旅行后在海上去世。这份日记使他回忆起自己与父亲一起度过的每一刻以及父亲为他所做的许多具体事情。乔治的父亲过去经常向他强调必须经历各种艰难困苦去追求卓越（excellence）。即使今天，他依然记得父亲如何引用“懂得感激是高尚者的标志”这句伊索（Aesop）名言来教导他要把懂得感激放在最重要的位置。
Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. The diary
brought back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf. George's father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop's famous saying
\"Gratitude is the sign of noble souls\" and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.
第六单元 A课文
1.这座红房子在参天古树的映衬下十分夺目。（stand out） The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky
2.我的新工作薪酬很高，但是其他方面我并不满意。（for the rest）The salary in / for my new job is great, but for the rest, I'm not satisfied.
3.两条溪流的水在我们村子附近汇合了。（mingle） The waters of the two streams mingle near our village. 4.我们不应该嘲笑别人的宗教信仰。（mock）
We should not mock at other people's religious beliefs. 5.这间房间的窗帘同家具的风格不太协调。（in tune）
The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture
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