阅读解题技巧

阅读表达是2011年江西英语高考的一个新题型。该题型既考查学生的阅读理解能力，又考查学生书面表达能力，故而难度较大，且所占分值高，因此很多考生对此望而生畏。现就其命题特点、解题技巧及备考策略作一阐述。 一．命题特点及要求 问题类问题要求 常见问题 型 ① What’s the best title of the 概括出短文、短文中某passage? 主旨概一段落的大意或标题，② What’s the purpose of the writer 括 或指出作者的写作意writing the passage? 图 ③ What’s the main idea of the article? 结合上下文，将短文中 Please fill in the blank in the 完成句的空白处用合适的词①with proper words or 子 语补充完整，使短文通passage phrases. 畅 ① Please find out the sentence 句子替根据所给的英文释义，寻找短文中意思相同which can be replaced by the 代 的句子 following one? 句子翻将短文中指定的句子①Translate the underlined sentence 译 翻译成通顺的汉语 in the…paragraph into Chinese. 封闭性结合文中某个问题进Regular Wh-Questions based on the 问题 行解答 passage ① What would you do if you were… 开放性结合个人的观点、态度② What other suggestions would 问题 进行表述 you give? ③ How would you settle the problem if you were …? 二．解题技巧 1. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words) 答题技巧：

（1）通常为短语或短句, 力求精辟、简洁； (2）只大写第一个单词的首字母；

2.Regular Wh-Questions based on the passage 答题技巧：

对于封闭性问题，应结合文章相关内容，在文中找答案及依据； 3.Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases. 答题技巧：

仔细斟酌上下文，捕捉文章的具体信息，认真推敲语言，力求准确到位； 4.开放性问题

① What would you do if you were…

② What other suggestions would you give?

③ How would you settle the problem if you were …? 答题技巧：

对于开放性问题，应在理解文章的基础上结合自己的观点组织答案。 5. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

答题技巧：分析句子结构，判断句子成分间的关系，既要符合句子原意，又要注意汉语句子的通顺和达意；

总体说来，要做好阅读表达解题应做到以下几点：

1）快速的浏览题目，做到心中有数，带着题目进行速读。

2）准确理解文章的大意、细节，把握作者的观点、态度、语气等，捕捉与题目有关的信息，为回答问题作好准备。

3）答题之前认真审题，弄清问题的要求，回答应具有针对性，紧扣题目，认真推敲语言，既要完整又要简洁。同时还要注意语言运用的准确性、得体性。 4）主旨大意题，要求词数比较少，所用语言要精辟、简洁。 答案应 符合标题要求，能概括出文章大意或作者的意图。

5）有的问题可以在文中找到答案及其依据，但是对于开放性问题，考生要结合自己的观点回答。

6）在做翻译题的时候，一定要结合句子所在的情景进行理解和翻译，并且把握好句子结构。既要符合句子原意，又要注意汉语句子的通顺和大意。 7）要注意问题后的字数要求，切忌超出各个题目所要求的字数范围。 8）要保持书写清楚，工整；卷面整洁、干净。

【2011·济南质检】阅读下面短文, 请根据短文后的要求进行答题。

01

Do you like chocolate? Most people do. Some like it in bars. Others just like big squares of it.

Say you just got a box of chocolate. Which piece do you pick first? A study carried out by a professor in the University of Virginia showed that people’s choices of chocolates show their personality. If you choose a round piece, you are a person who likes to party. If you select an oval shape, you are a person who strives(努力). You like to make things and push yourself to be successful. Picking a square shape shows that this is an honest and truthful person you can depend on.

What kind of chocolate do you pick? Maybe you like milk chocolate. This shows you have warm feelings about the past, while dark chocolate means something else -- the person who chooses it ________. What about white chocolate? Would you like to choose it? If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind. Those who like chocolate with nuts are people who like to help others.

Do you believe these ideas? Can chocolate tell all these things? It doesn’t matter. There is one sure thing about eaters of chocolates – they eat it because they like it. 76. What is the best title of the text? (Please answer within 8 words.)

_________________________________________________________________ 77. Which sentence in the text can be replaced by the following one?

In that case, it will be difficult for you to make a decision.

_________________________________________________________________ 78. Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 6 words.)

_________________________________________________________________ 79. What’s the writer’s attitude towards the information about chocolate in the text? (Please answer within 15 words)

_________________________________________________________________ 80. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.

_________________________________________________________________ 阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求回答问题。（注意字数要求）。

02

Being healthy means taking care of yourself physically and mentally. Here are some of my best tips on how to do both: Break a bad habit.

You don’t really “break” habits. You replace the unwanted behavior with something that prevents you from doing it and that doesn’t have unhealthy side effects. So if your problem is that you eat too much when you get home from work, find something new to do that is incompatible（不能共存的）with what you usually do. You can’t walk around the track at the school and pig out in your kitchen at the same time. Grow your marriage.

Relationships are negotiated, and the negotiation never stops. It’s always a give-and-take, always requires work. It’s like if you planted a garden and came back six months later----you wouldn’t even be able to find it. You have to tend it, feed it, weed it, deal with the problems. Beat stress.

My dog, Maggie, is the best anti – stress tool I have. A few minutes petting, scratching or playing with her, and . Exercise also helps. Just about every day, I’m on the tennis court. It’s a great workout, and if I don’t have that, I don’t cope as well, sleep as well or think as well. Refocus your anger.

Expressing your anger is just not that good an idea. You say things you don’t mean. Instead, recognize that anger is usually a symptom of hurt, fear or frustration（挫折）, and deal with the causes rather than blow up. When you do that, you’re a problem solver.

Don’t medicate with food.

It never, ever works. You’re denying your issue by eating your way through it, instead of saying, Hey, I’ve got a problem.

76．What’s the best title? （Answer within 10 words.）

_____________________________________________________________ 77．Fill in the blank in the passage in your own words.（Answer within 10 words.） ____________________________________________________________ _ 78．Translate the underlined sentence in the passage.

_____________________________________________________________ 79．Which sentence in the passage is the closet in meaning to the following one? You do something without any bad effect on your health during the time when you usually do something harmful to your body.

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 80．Why does the writer mention gardens when he is supposed to say something about marriage? （Answer within 30 words.）

03

If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school, then you are probably not sleeping well. Worry can keep you awake, tossing and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep. When you wake up, you don’t feel refreshed, but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day. Dr. Henry Winkle, in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep, indicates that . Dr. Winkle says, “The more we worry, the less we sleep, the more we are unable to deal with stress. If we can find a way to get a good night’s sleep,” he adds, “we can often find the energy to deal with what’s worrying us.”

So, what is a good night’s sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot. Seven hours in about the average amount, though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed.

Dr. Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important. People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed. This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired. A bedtime drink can also help, but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. “When you put the light out,” Dr. Winkle says, “concentrate on relaxing your muscles, working slowly up from your feet, and you’ll be asleep before you know it.”

1. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words)

2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

People shouldn’t go to sleep immediately but should take a break after working late in the night.

3. Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)

4. Someone says that the longer you sleep, the better you feel. Try to find some arguments from the passage against the idea. (Please answer within 30 words)

5. Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.