早上好!女士们、先生们。大家昨晚睡提好吗?好极了。真对不起,昨晚行李送迟了。因为行李车坏了,我们只得再要了一辆。顺便问一下,你们行李打开了没有?怪不得外面阳光明媚。我们导游常说:”客人把阳光装在包里带来了。”为此我谢谢你们。好言归正传。早餐的我已宣布过日程安排,今天我们先去海老城,也就是豫园、豫园商场的所在地。
我们的车正行驶在外滩。诸位左侧就是著名的黄浦江。我们以后会到这儿来的。
为了节省时间,在没到豫园之前我先讲些中国园林和豫园的情况。
在中国,园林被分为三大类:皇家园林、私家园林和寺庙园林。豫园属于私家园林。中国园林有许多技巧,比如借景、障景等等。不过它们都由四个基本因素组成。这四个因素是水、植物、建筑和假山。大多数的私家花园是在江南,就是因为这儿多水源和适宜做假山的石。豫园是四百多年前明朝时建。园主姓潘,是个大官。他建此园是取悦于双亲,让他们安享晚年。所以豫园的”豫”字就取其豫悦之意。可惜的是他父母末能眼见豫园落成就去世了。清末,潘家衰弱,其后代变卖此园于当地行会。豫园之所以成为名胜,还另有一原因。1853年,上海爆发小刀会,园内一厅堂曾被用作指挥部。今天豫园是个必游之地。所以我建议到了那儿我们千万不要走散,最好大家寸步不离,好吗?
这儿是停车场。万一有人走散,请记住车号最后三个数字是121。我想最好不要发生这类事。我会举着小红旗,你们全陪张先生会殿后。大家准备好了没有?我们上路吧。下车时请注意自行车。
女士们、先生们,这座就是著名的九曲桥。为什么是九呢?因为是阳数最高的数。走在桥上,逗留时间就长。还可以从不同角度观赏风景。还有,据说鬼怪只能走直线,所以你不必为遇到鬼怪而担心。
在桥的中间,有座亭子,始建于清朝,大约在80多年前被改作一茶馆。老人们喜欢早晨来此,会会朋友,沏上一壶茶,聊聊天儿。一般他们喝的都是一种绿茶,叫做”龙井”。这个茶馆也是外国首脑常来之地。比如1986年英国女王伊丽莎白二世来上海,也亲临茶馆喝了茶。
确实,能在这儿喝上一壶也是一种享受。试想一下,在一个夏日,你来到茶馆,临窗而坐,俯视着开满荷花的绿池。迎面吹来阵阵凉风。在悠雅的江南丝竹声中,你提起紫砂壶,慢慢地呷上一口微温的”龙井”茶。你会觉得飘然若仙。
你们也想喝一壶?对不起,我还是不能让你们去。等我们看完豫园再做决定,行不行?
这儿就是豫园的入口。当你走进一个私家花园,视线总会被什么东西挡住,有时是假山,有时是这肃的照壁。这是园林一技巧,称之为障景。不让你一日了然,却让你看到一部分,然后才达到”步移景易”的效果。
这座堂叫”仰山堂”。大家知道,上海位于一冲积平原,市内无山、无林。所以此”山”就指对面那座假山。它高12米,重80吨。它过去乃至今天一直是个奇迹。因为四百多年前没有水泥和熟石膏,人们就用烹煮过的糯米,加上明矾和石灰,把石块粘起来。至今安然无恙。看见山顶的亭子吗?四百年前,这是上海城最高点。从那儿可看到黄浦江上的渔船、帆影,可这些今天只能在电影中见到了。你也仅能看见他们上移的头顶。因为盘旋的小径皆被树、石遮住。这实在是园艺大师张南阳的杰作。也被公认是本地最佳假山。
在假山之后,有座龙墙。这是本园一特色。总共有五条龙墙。这边走,我要带你们去个地方,那儿能清楚地看见另一条龙墙。
女士们、先生们,这就是我刚才说的那条龙墙。龙实际上是想像出来的动物。我们称自己为龙的传人。不知道大家是否读过赛珍珠的《龙籽》。如果看过的话,这儿很多东西令你觉得熟悉。请看这条龙,你会发觉这是个多种动物的综合体。你看它头似牛,眼似虾,角似……我看不太像牛。我们通常说角似鹿,身似蛇,鳞似鱼,爪似鸡或者鹰。请告诉我,你们看见几个趾。三个对。但一般龙应有五趾。为什么是三个呢?其中有一故事。以前,只有皇帝和皇室人员才配有龙的图案。园主潘允端用了龙做墙,他有野心。不知怎么,皇帝得知此事,便派人来调查。潘允端得悉后,立即令人敲下两个趾。当朝延官吏一到,园主说:”瞧,这本不是龙,只有三趾。”真是个聪明人,不然他性命难保。
你们说想拍一集体照。我看以龙墙为背景,这可是最佳的地方,我来替你们拍,别忘了说”Cheese”。
这儿我们可看见三块石头。中间那块称作”玉玲珑”。这并非是玉,但是挺有名,叫太湖石,外型是由水侵蚀而成。这原来是给宋微宗的贡品。宋微宗广收奇花异石,称”花石纲”。可怎么会到这儿来的呢?原来,在运往当时京都遗失了。多年之后,又成了地地方官绅的玩物。后来他把该石送给潘允端做嫁妆,因为潘的兄弟娶了他女儿。玉玲珑因有”瘦、透、皱、漏”等特点而著称。假如你自上而下倒水。它72孔孔孔犹如小瀑布;如你在下方燃香,它72孔孔孔烟香缥缈,非常美丽。园主以前常凝视此石多时,留连忘返。这也是园林功效之一,一个景物使你沉思,结果达到情晚合一的境界。
豫园之游就到此结束,希望胸们喜欢它。最后,大家必须做出选择:是喝茶还是购物。我看,还是举手表决。有多少人想品茶?哈,全都想去?!什么?我愿不愿去?说实话,这正合我意。那么我们还等什么呢?大家走吧!
各位朋友,现在我们进入花桥收费站呢,就标志着我们开始进入大上海了。很奇怪,为什么我们总是在上海前面加一个“大”字呢?就因为这坐城市的规模、面积、人口世界之最,就连土尔其的伊斯坦布尔也无法与上海相提并论。来到这座城市展现在我们面前的是海派的风情,现代化的渲染,到处可见的车流人流,随处可见的外国人。所以,美国著名旅行家马克休斯都说“来到上海仿佛来到了西方”。的确,上海这座大都市给人们的印象就如同它是一个很西化的城市。
那么上海到底有多大呢?我们从3个方面来剖析吧。第一是它的车多。上海的车辆估计是全世界最多的,光上海的出租车就有4万8千多辆,全世界饱有量第一。这第二就是人多。上海常住人口有1千2百万左右,当然不算外来人员。它的总数人口约为近3000万左右的人口。人口的密度为每平方公里2万人左右。这个数字是不是让大家很吃惊?如果你赶上节假日来这里,尤其是几大商业区那就应了一句话“上看嘴下看腿了”。最后是楼多。来到上海给我们最深的印象就是,哇好高的楼啊!好像我们进入了水泥森林般的城市。上海这几年的发展很快,高楼大厦像雨后的春笋一样,光我们上海浦西的高楼30层以上的就有1026懂。看看,是不是很厉害?那么上海的实际地域面积多大呢?有9000多平方公里。通过以上的几组数字,大家是否感觉到,大呢?我想不用我多说了吧。
上海美术馆是一所公益性社会文化事业机构。她座落于繁华的南京西路,背靠人民广场与上海博物馆、上海大剧院、上海城市规划展示馆、人民公园毗邻,是一座功能健全、设施先进、在国内外具有一定影响的近现代美术博物馆。
前身为中国美术家协会上海分会于1956年8月10日开馆的上海美术展览馆,1983年重新翻建,1986年10月9日改用现名上海美术馆。收藏有虚谷、任伯年、吴昌硕、张大千、林风眠、刘海粟、关良、王个簃、朱屺瞻、谢稚柳、张乐平、沈柔坚、贺友直等近现代著名画家的作品及具有地方特色的油画、版画、连环画、年画等作品。建馆以来,举办过“法国十九世纪农村风景画展”、“法国二百五十年绘画展”、“意大利文艺复兴时期艺术展”、“齐白石画展”、“黄宾虹画展”、“潘天寿画展”,及多届全国美展上海展区作品展等重要美展。出版有《虚谷任伯年吴昌硕画集》及内部不定期刊物《世纪美术》、《上海美术馆》。历任正副馆长有:陈秋草、鲁沙白、张云骋、沈善良、朱仁冬、方增先、夏顺奎、丁羲元、陈克里、李向阳、陈龙、张坚、王新华。馆址设在南京西路456号。20_年在南京西路325号原上海图书馆旧址改建辟为上海美术馆新址。
上海美术馆拥有展厅12个,展览面积6000余平方米,配备了现代化的设施,为举办各类艺术展览提供了良好条件;而设备先进的演讲厅、会议室、图书馆、美术资料数据库及美术工作坊等,则为学术研讨和普及教育等活动提供了保证。此外,艺术书店、纪念品商店、画廊、咖啡屋等也为观众营造了充满艺术气息的休闲氛围。
上海美术馆现有藏品8000余件,依托收藏,积极开展了以中国近现代美术史为重点的理论研究和美术馆学的研究,并为收藏保管、陈列展览、教育推广、中外交流等业务工作的开展创造了条件。特别二年一届的"上海双年展"是中国最为重要的展览、学术活动之一,已成为具有一定国际影响的品牌项目。
自建馆以来,上海美术馆的藏品从不足20_件增加至超过7000余件。在经常性展出其东南亚艺术藏品的同时,还策划了多种以国家为关注点的展览,分别在马来西亚、印度尼西亚和泰国举办“从古至今”、“灵魂的联系:土地与人民”以及“信仰与存在”等展览。也曾于20__年9月至20_年6月在马尼拉的阿亚拉博物馆展出了菲律宾艺术藏品。该馆推出了许多在上海国内外影响深远的展览,包括“东南亚美术主题”、“上海的百年美术”、“我们时代的艺术”、“总统特选新秀作品展”、“英雄十年:1955年至1965年的上海艺术”、“二十世纪七十年代东南亚当代艺术作品展(上海双年专题展览)”,最新的展览是在中国美术馆展出的“上海美术馆藏品展”。它希望在本国和地区性文化背景下推动人们对艺术的了解和欣赏,并籍此促进上海文化环境的活跃和发展。实现上述目的不仅依靠美术馆的展览项目,另有其多语教育项目和公共项目,这些项目涉及具体介绍各种艺术趋势并进行艺术实践、开展公开演讲等,从而最大限度地满足了当地社会以及到上海旅游的地区性和国际游客的需要。
上海美术馆以收藏来说,第一代画家的作品最丰富,第二代次之,第三代最少。展出将特别突出第一代画家在50年代所完成的一批作品。在这些画家中,张荔英一生留下了94件作品,而且还有详细的文字记载和资料,如日记、文稿和各类剪报等。陈宗瑞是由家人捐献了56件作品,他的资料也相当完备。范昌乾也有46件作品。这些数目不等的展览品,有些是画家自己的捐献,有些是画家的家人捐出来,有些则是收藏家的收藏。像松年法师就捐献了112件书画作品给美术馆、陈金川68件、郑农22件,美术馆卢明德医生也捐献了13件陈文希的画作。
上海美术馆今日才能拥有国际上最大的一批20世纪东南亚美术公开收藏。其永久馆藏有超过6500件美术作品,其中包括拿督陆运涛遗赠的一批上海知名画家具像画作、由张氏遗产管理人和李氏基金所捐赠的张荔英藏品,以及最近的刘抗遗赠之作。正因为有如此丰富的永久馆藏,上海美术馆才得以大大加强对本区域视觉艺术界和亚洲美术博物馆学的贡献。除了<自我成像>和<东南亚美术风景>这两项展示本身永久馆藏的展览以外,上海美术馆也曾策划推出一些以个别国家为焦点的展览,<从古至今>、<灵魂的联系:土地与人民>以及<信仰与存在>,所关注的即分别为马来西亚、印尼和泰国。本馆不久前还与菲律宾的阿亚拉博物馆合作,在后者新博物馆大楼于20_年6月开幕之时,在题为<交渡>的展览中展示来自本馆菲律宾美术馆藏的超过200件作品。本馆的巡回展览计划使本区域的美术得以在国际上广获观赏。
龙华寺位于龙华路2853号,是上海地区历史最久规模最大的古刹,相传三国时,东吴孙权于赤乌五年(公元242年)为孝敬其母而建造,并按佛经中弥勒菩萨于龙华树下成佛的记载而名。几经修复,如今已恢复旧观。
龙华塔位于龙华寺前,相传初建于赤乌十年(公元247)。现在的龙华寺建于清光绪年间,但基本保持宋代佛教禅宗的伽蓝七堂制原貌,是一组较完整的寺庙建筑群。寺内珍藏有唐、五代、明、清年间的经书、金印、佛像等。
龙华寺殿宇巍峨,金碧辉煌,佛像庄严凝重。这里的佛像有两处与众不同,一是因为龙华寺为弥勒道场,有两尊弥勒塑像,天王殿供的`是弥勒的菩萨像,弥勒殿供的是化身像,俗称“布袋和尚”,二是大雄宝殿,其他寺院大殿主尊两侧,或是宣传佛法的“十八罗汉”,或是保护佛法的“二十诸天”,而龙华寺大殿内,罗汉和诸天济济一堂。
现存龙华塔为楼阁式七层八面砖木宝塔,高40.4米,塔体橙黄,刹杆高耸,其砖身和基础部分,系宋太平兴国二年(公元977年)建造时的原物。宝塔各层均飞檐曲栏,姿态雄伟美观,为上海地区至今保存最完美的古塔之一
shanghai travel and tours guide
located at the center of the mainland's coastline, shanghai has long been amajor hub of communications, transportation, and international exchange. themunicipality covers an area of 6,341 square kilometers and has a population ofmore than 13.5 million. shanghai is china's largest economic comprehensiveindustrial base, and a famous historical and cultural city.
the city consistently attracts investment and is seen as an ideal venue forbusiness gatherings. it is also a must on any agenda during a tour of china.shanghai has fostered a comprehensive transportation network that incorporatesland, sea, and air travel, as well as a convenient urban transportation system.more than 300 airlines serve the city, proving direct flights to more than 20countries and regions. the addition of the shanghai pudong internationalairport, which went into operation in 1999, is expected to increase the annualpassenger volume to some 20 million.
special tourist trains running between shanghai and the neighboringprovinces of jiangsu and zhejiang, as well as tourist bus routes alongnewly-constructed expressways, offer great convenience for regional travel.shanghai has more than 400 travel agencies to assist visitors, and the 127star-rated hotels offer a total of 40, 000 guest rooms.
visitors to shanghai are not only dazzled by the modern metropolis andgateway to a developing china, but are also able to immerse themselves in theunique shanghai culture, a combination of chinese and western elements. colorfulfestivals and celebrations dot the yearly shanghai activities calendar, such asthe shanghai nanhui peach blossoms festival, shanghai international tea culturefestival and shanghai china international art festival.
shanghai has also introduced special tour packages aimed at the differentinterests of visitors, such as bicycling tours, hiking tours, gourmet tours,rehabilitation and health care tours, study tours, japanese young women's tours,honey moon tours, and convention and exhibition tours.
the bund
the well-known bund is a must for visitors to shanghai. fifty-two buildingslining the narrow shoreline of the huangpu river offer a living exhibition ofgothic, baroque, roman, classic revival and renaissance architectural styles, aswell as combinations of chinese and western styles. they are also a condensationof the recent history of the city. the wide embankment offers ample room forstrolling and is used by locals for morning exercises and evening gatherings. inthe evening, colorful lights illuminate the area and create a shimmering imagedeserving of the name pearl of the orient.
the yu garden
the yu gardens are a classical landscape in the southern chinese style witha history of more than 400 years. pavilions, halls, rockeries and ponds displaythe finest in landscaping from the southern style as seen in the ming and qingdynasties. more than 40 landscapes were ingeniously separated by latticed walls,winding corridors, and lattice windows.
people's square
people's square has become the political and cultural center in shanghaisince 1994, when it was rebuilt. in and around the square are a massive fountainnamed the light of huangpu river, 10,000 square meters of lawns, six groups ofrelief carvings that depict the history of shanghai, the new shanghai museum,the offices of the municipal government, an underground shopping plaza, theshanghai grand theater and the shanghai exhibition center
the orient pearl tv tower
the orient pearl tv tower is 468 meters high, the tallest in asia and thirdtallest in the world. it faces the bund across the huangpu river. when viewedfrom the bund, the tower and the nanpu and yangpu bridges create a vivid imageryknown as "two dragons playing with a pearl." the sphere at the top has adiameter of 45 meters and is 263 meters above ground. the observation deck inthe sphere offers a sweeping view of the city. the revolving restaurant is setat 267 meters above pudong new area. the dance ball, piano bar and 20 karaokerooms, at 271 meters, are also opened to the public. the penthouse, which sitsat 350 meters, has an observation deck, meeting room, and coffee shop. the towerintegrates broadcasting technologies with sightseeing, catering, shopping,amusement, and accommodations. it has become the symbol of the city and a majortourist attraction in shanghai.
cruise on the huangpu river
cruising on the huangpu river, visitors can gaze at the mighty skyscrapers,the monument tower to the people's heroes, the famous waibaidu bridge andhuangpu park on one bank, and the orient pearl tv tower, internationalconvertion center, jin mao building and the newly rising pudong new area on theother. the yangpu and nanpu bridges span the river. from the river, visitors canalso view the ruins of ancient cannon emplacements and fortifications at wusongand the magnificent view of the yangtze river as it empties into the sea.
nanjing road
nanjing road east, honored as "china's no. l street", has become anall-weather pedestrian arcade. shops and restaurants provide products andservices with their own characteristics, making it an ideal place thatintegrates shopping, restaurants, amusement and sightseeing.
luxun park
the museum and tomb are located in lu xun park. lu xun was an imminent manof letters. the museum exhibits lu xun's manuscripts, some of his personaleffects, document., and photos. the headstone at the tomb of lu xun is in thecalligraphy of vhio zedong and reads "the tomb of mr. lu xun."
dr. sun's residence
dr. sun yat-sen, the forerunner of the chinese democratic revolution, andhis wilr soong ching ling, lived in this building from 1918 to 1924. it was inthe residence that dr. sun yat-sen met representatives of the communist partyand fostered the first cooperation between the chinese communist party and thekuomintang.
soong ching ling's residence
this is the former residence of soong ching ling. an honorary chairwoman ofthe people's republic of china and the widow of sun yat-sen. she lived, worked,and studied here during the last years of her life.
birthplace of the communist party of china.
in july of 1921, the first national communist party congress was held inthis building. the congress passed the party's program and resolutions, electedthe central committee, and declared the founding of the cpc.
shanghai library
the new shanghai library, which covers an area of some 80,000 squaremeters, has a collection of 13 million books and is considered one of the topten libraries in the world. the library incorporates the open-stacks approachfavored in the west, which allows for convenience in borrowing books.
shanghai grand theater
located in the northwestern corner of people's square. the shanghai grandtheater covers 70,000 squat, meters. it is actually composed of three theaters.the theaters can accommodate performances of ballet opera, symphonies, chambermusic modern dramas, and musicals. the theater also owns the largest, fullyautomatic stage in asia. the theater has become a symbol of modern culture inshanghai.
duolun road
cultural celebrities' street, located along duolun road and surroundingareas,is a living memorial to the modern cultural celebrities of shang-hai andis also a condensation of modern culture. such chinese literary giants as luxun, mao dun, guo moruo and ye shengtao lived and wrote here,making the road animportant feature in china's modern cultural history. in addition, the famousgongfei cafe. celebrities mansion, the shanghai art opera troupe, and hai shangjiu li also display the accumulated cultural atmosphere of duolun roadtoday.
今日的「上海」,是一座极具现代化而又不失中国传统特色的海派文化大都市。繁华的大上海处处显现着她的独特魅力,她的现代化和古典的融合,让人们无法抗拒,而位于黄浦江西岸的「外滩」,百余年来也一直作为上海的象征出现在世人面前。 ●上海的象征---黄浦江。浦江游览一直是上海旅游中的一个传统旅游节目,每天从上海外滩“浦江之光”码头启航,把您从繁华的上海市区,带到黄浦江与世界第三大河长江汇流入海的地方——吴淞口外的“三夹水”。行驶江心,眺望一江之隔、跨越百年沧桑的建筑群,不能不心生感慨。 水,有灵气有财气。水,孕育着蓬勃的生机。黄浦江,城市的母亲河,上海的黄金水道。黄浦江“清游江”游览船,从大达码头起航往北,浦西举世知名的外滩万国建筑群,浦东矗立于云霄之端的陆家嘴金融中心,逐渐映入眼帘。入夜,两岸灯火辉煌,繁华城市的古典与现代建筑风格,交相辉映,相得益彰,缤纷多姿,尽显江岸美景。放眼远眺,建筑是凝固的美,江水是流动的美;两岸喧闹是繁华的美,江中宁静是淡雅的美。上海的黄浦江,处处都能享受到美的存在。
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