Xpath–爬取哔哩哔哩排行榜数据
这次我选择了哔哩哔哩的排行榜
目标URL:
先按F12查看一下我们需要爬取数据的结构情况
那就开始写代码吧
首先导入我们会用到的包
from lxml import etree
import requests
以防万一,先伪装个信息头(headers)
在开发者模式里找到User-Agent、referer、cookie填到下面
headers = {
'User-Agent': '',
'referer': '',
'cookie': ''
}
添加我们的链接进去
url = 'https://www.bilibili.com/v/popular/rank/all'
开始获取网页数据和解析数据
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=5)
if (response.status_code) == 200:
html = etree.HTML(response.text)
title_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="info"]/a/text()')
link_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="info"]/a/@href')
hot_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="pts"]/div/text()')
watch_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="detail"]/span[1]/text()')
barrage_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="detail"]/span[2]/text()')
author_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="detail"]/a/span/text()')
如果使用Xpath,其实可以在F12(开发者工具)里按Ctrl+F调试,挺方便的。
输入Xpath表达式,就会自动匹配表达式(代码高亮),而且不需要很长、也不是晦涩难懂的表达式
然后把爬取到的数据组合起来,格式化一下,保存到文件里,我这里是保存到的D盘
for title, watch, barrage, author, hot, link in zip(title_list, watch_list, barrage_list, author_list, hot_list, link_list):
line = ("{0}、{1}\n\t[👀{2}][📺{3}][🧑{4}][🔥{5}]\n\t👉http:{6}".format(
title_list.index(title)+1, title, watch.strip(), barrage.strip(), author.strip(), hot, link))
with open('D:/bilibili排行榜.txt', 'a+', encoding='utf-8') as file:
file.writelines('\n'+line + '\n')
print('收集完成')
以下是完整代码
from lxml import etree
import requests
headers = {
'User-Agent': '',
'referer': '',
'cookie': ''
}
url = 'https://www.bilibili.com/v/popular/rank/all'
try:
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=5)
if (response.status_code) == 200:
html = etree.HTML(response.text)
title_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="info"]/a/text()')
link_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="info"]/a/@href')
hot_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="pts"]/div/text()')
watch_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="detail"]/span[1]/text()')
barrage_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="detail"]/span[2]/text()')
author_list = html.xpath('//div[@class="detail"]/a/span/text()')
for title, watch, barrage, author, hot, link in zip(title_list, watch_list, barrage_list, author_list, hot_list, link_list):
line = ("{0}、{1}\n\t[👀{2}][📺{3}][🧑{4}][🔥{5}]\n\t👉http:{6}".format(
title_list.index(title)+1, title, watch.strip(), barrage.strip(), author.strip(), hot, link))
with open('D:/bilibili排行榜.txt', 'a+', encoding='utf-8') as file:
file.writelines('\n'+line + '\n')
print('收集完成')
except Exception as error:
print(error)
来看一看结果
感觉还是可以的
到此结束